Ampicillin sulbactam: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 00:56, 6 January 2014

Ampicillin/Sulbactam
UNASYN^® FDA Package Insert
Description
Clinical Pharmacology
Microbiology
Indications and Usage
Contraindications
Warnings
Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Overdosage
Clinical Studies
Dosage and Administration
Compatibility, Reconstitution, and Stability
Directions For Use
How Supplied
Other Size Packages Available
Labels and Packages

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Ampicillin/sulbactam, the combination of ampicillin with sulbactam (an irreversible beta-lactamase inhibitor), has an antimicrobial spectrum similar to that of amoxicillin-clavulanate that includes methicillin-sensitive strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacteriaceae (but not resistant strains of Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and anaerobes. The agent has been used effectively to treat polymicrobial intra-abdominal and pelvic infections. It may also be used for soft tissue infections secondary to human or animal bites.^[1]

US Brand Names

UNASYN^®

FDA Package Insert

Mechanisms of Action

Ampicillin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins which in turn inhibits the transpeptidation (cross-linking) of peptidoglycan. Thus, cell wall assembly is interrupted and bacteria are lyzed by autolysins and murein hydrolases. Sulbactam irreversibly inhibit plasmid-mediated beta-lactamaseswhich are frequently accountable for drug resistance. In addition, sulbactam has modest activity in vitro against strains of Acinetobacter baumannii.^[2] The presence of sulbactam in the formulation extends the spectrum of ampicillin to include beta-lactamase producing strains.

References

↑ Lode, HM. (2008). "Rational antibiotic therapy and the position of ampicillin/sulbactam". Int J Antimicrob Agents. 32 (1): 10–28. doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.02.004. PMID 18539004. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Higgins, PG.; Wisplinghoff, H.; Stefanik, D.; Seifert, H. (2004). "In vitro activities of the beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanic acid, sulbactam, and tazobactam alone or in combination with beta-lactams against epidemiologically characterized multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains". Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 48 (5): 1586–92. PMID 15105109. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[Lode-2008-1] Lode, HM. (2008). "Rational antibiotic therapy and the position of ampicillin/sulbactam". Int J Antimicrob Agents. 32 (1): 10–28. doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.02.004. PMID 18539004. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[Higgins-2004-2] Higgins, PG.; Wisplinghoff, H.; Stefanik, D.; Seifert, H. (2004). "In vitro activities of the beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanic acid, sulbactam, and tazobactam alone or in combination with beta-lactams against epidemiologically characterized multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains". Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 48 (5): 1586–92. PMID 15105109. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 ==Overview==
 Ampicillin/sulbactam, the combination of [[ampicillin]] with [[sulbactam]] (an irreversible [[beta-lactamase inhibitor|beta-lactamase inhibitor]]), has an antimicrobial spectrum  similar to that of [[amoxicillin]]-[[clavulanic acid|clavulanate]] that includes [[methicillin]]-sensitive strains of [[Staphylococcus aureus]], [[Enterobacteriaceae]] (but not resistant strains of [[Escherichia coli]] or [[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]), and [[anaerobe]]s. The agent has been used effectively to treat polymicrobial intra-abdominal and pelvic infections. It may also be used for soft tissue infections secondary to human or animal bites.<ref name="Lode-2008">{{Cite journal | last1 = Lode | first1 = HM. | title = Rational antibiotic therapy and the position of ampicillin/sulbactam. | journal = Int J Antimicrob Agents | volume = 32 | issue = 1 | pages = 10-28 | month = Jul | year = 2008 | doi = 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.02.004 | PMID = 18539004 }}</ref>
 ==Category==
 Penicillin/β-lactamase inhibitor
 ==US Brand Names==
 UNASYN<sup>®</sup>
 ==FDA Package Insert==
-'''[[Ampicillin sulbactam description|Description]]'''
+'''  [[Ampicillin sulbactam description|Description]]'''
 '''| [[Ampicillin sulbactam clinical pharmacology|Clinical Pharmacology]]'''
 '''| [[Ampicillin sulbactam microbiology|Microbiology]]'''
@@ Line 31: / Line 35: @@
 ==Mechanisms of Action==
-Ampicillin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to [[penicillin]]-binding proteins which in turn inhibits the transpeptidation (cross-linking) of [[peptidoglycan]]. Thus, cell wall assembly is interrupted and bacteria are lyzed by [[autolysins]] and murein [[hydrolase]]s. Sulbactam irreversibly inhibit [[plasmid]]-mediated [[beta-lactamases]]which are frequently accountable for [[drug resistance]]. In addition, sulbactam has modest activity ''in vitro'' against strains of [[Acinetobacter baumannii]].<ref name="Higgins-2004">{{Cite journal | last1 = Higgins | first1 = PG. | last2 = Wisplinghoff | first2 = H. | last3 = Stefanik | first3 = D. | last4 = Seifert | first4 = H. | title = In vitro activities of the beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanic acid, sulbactam, and tazobactam alone or in combination with beta-lactams against epidemiologically characterized multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains. | journal = Antimicrob Agents Chemother | volume = 48 | issue = 5 | pages = 1586-92 | month = May | year = 2004 | doi = | PMID = 15105109}}</ref> The presence of sulbactam in the formulation extends the spectrum of ampicillin to include beta-lactamase producing strains.
+Ampicillin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to [[penicillin-binding protein]]s which in turn inhibits the transpeptidation (cross-linking) of [[peptidoglycan]]. Thus, cell wall assembly is interrupted and bacteria are lyzed by [[autolysins]] and murein [[hydrolase]]s. Sulbactam irreversibly inhibit [[plasmid]]-mediated [[beta-lactamases]]which are frequently accountable for [[drug resistance]]. In addition, sulbactam has modest activity ''in vitro'' against strains of [[Acinetobacter baumannii]].<ref name="Higgins-2004">{{Cite journal | last1 = Higgins | first1 = PG. | last2 = Wisplinghoff | first2 = H. | last3 = Stefanik | first3 = D. | last4 = Seifert | first4 = H. | title = In vitro activities of the beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanic acid, sulbactam, and tazobactam alone or in combination with beta-lactams against epidemiologically characterized multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains. | journal = Antimicrob Agents Chemother | volume = 48 | issue = 5 | pages = 1586-92 | month = May | year = 2004 | doi = | PMID = 15105109}}</ref> The presence of sulbactam in the formulation extends the spectrum of ampicillin to include beta-lactamase producing strains.
 ==References==