Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection other diagnostic studies: Difference between revisions
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==Other Diagnostic Studies== | ==Other Diagnostic Studies== | ||
==Laboratory Tests== | |||
According to [[CDC]] guidelines:<ref name=MMWR>{{cite web | title = Updated Information on the Epidemiology of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Infection and Guidance for the Public, Clinicians, and Public Health Authorities, 2012–2013 | url = http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6238a4.htm }}</ref> | |||
*Investigations of [[MERS-CoV]] and other [[respiratory]] [[pathogens]] may now be conducted simultaneously and additionally, positive results for another [[respiratory]] [[pathogen]] should not hinder testing for [[MERS-CoV]]. | |||
*Health-care providers in the United States should continue to evaluate patients for [[MERS-CoV]] [[infection]] if they develop [[fever]] and [[pneumonia]] or [[acute respiratory distress syndrome]] within 14 days after traveling from countries in or near the Arabian Peninsula. | |||
*Providers should also evaluate patients for [[MERS-CoV]] [[infection]], in the presence of [[ARDS]], [[fever]] or [[pneumonia]], and if they have been in close contact with recent travelers from the Arabian Peninsula who have [[fever]] and acute [[respiratory illness]]. | |||
*Clusters of patients with severe acute [[respiratory illness]], such as [[fever]] and [[pneumonia]] that requires hospitalization, must be evaluated for common [[respiratory]] [[pathogens]] and reported to local and state [[public health]] departments. In case a diagnosis isn't reached, particularly if the cluster includes health-care providers, testing for [[MERS-CoV]] should be considered, in consultation with state and local health departments. In this situation, all patients should be tested, even if they haven't had travel-related exposure. | |||
*Laboratory confirmation of [[infection]] by [[MERS-CoV]] now requires a positive [[PCR]] test of ≥2 specific genomic targets or, a single positive target followed by successful sequencing of a second. | |||
* Laboratory tests, such as the [[PCR]] for [[MERS-CoV]] are available at state health departments, [[CDC]] and some international laboratories. Otherwise, [[MERS-CoV]] tests are not routinely available, despite the existence of a limited number of non-[[FDA]]-approved commercial tests. | |||
===Polymerase Chain Reaction=== | ===Polymerase Chain Reaction=== | ||
Revision as of 19:17, 19 June 2014
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Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection Microchapters |
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Differentiating Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection from other Diseases |
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Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection other diagnostic studies On the Web |
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Directions to Hospitals Treating Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is a viral respiratory illness. It is caused by an emerging coronavirus, specifically a betacoronavirus called MERS-CoV (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus), first discovered in 2012. Being a relatively novel virus, there is no virus-specific prevention or treatment options for MERS patients. Attending to the fact that a vaccine hasn't been developed yet, enhancing infection prevention and control measures is critical to prevent the possible spread of MERS-CoV in hospitals and communities. Persons with symptoms suspicious of MERS-CoV infection need medical evaluation. According to the CDC: a certified case of MERS-CoV infection is considered an individual who shows laboratory confirmation of infection by MERS-CoV. This last one is given by a positive PCR test of ≥2 specific genomic targets or, a single positive target followed by successful sequencing of a second; while a probable case of MERS-CoV infection is an individual who has missing or inconclusive laboratory test results for the infection and that has been in close contact with another individual who is a "laboratory-confirmed case" of MERS-CoV infection. Laboratory tests, such as the PCR for MERS-CoV are available at state health departments, CDC and some international laboratories. Otherwise, MERS-CoV tests are not routinely available, despite the existence of a limited number of non-FDA-approved commercial tests.[1][2][3]
Other Diagnostic Studies
Laboratory Tests
According to CDC guidelines:[4]
- Investigations of MERS-CoV and other respiratory pathogens may now be conducted simultaneously and additionally, positive results for another respiratory pathogen should not hinder testing for MERS-CoV.
- Health-care providers in the United States should continue to evaluate patients for MERS-CoV infection if they develop fever and pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome within 14 days after traveling from countries in or near the Arabian Peninsula.
- Providers should also evaluate patients for MERS-CoV infection, in the presence of ARDS, fever or pneumonia, and if they have been in close contact with recent travelers from the Arabian Peninsula who have fever and acute respiratory illness.
- Clusters of patients with severe acute respiratory illness, such as fever and pneumonia that requires hospitalization, must be evaluated for common respiratory pathogens and reported to local and state public health departments. In case a diagnosis isn't reached, particularly if the cluster includes health-care providers, testing for MERS-CoV should be considered, in consultation with state and local health departments. In this situation, all patients should be tested, even if they haven't had travel-related exposure.
- Laboratory confirmation of infection by MERS-CoV now requires a positive PCR test of ≥2 specific genomic targets or, a single positive target followed by successful sequencing of a second.
- Laboratory tests, such as the PCR for MERS-CoV are available at state health departments, CDC and some international laboratories. Otherwise, MERS-CoV tests are not routinely available, despite the existence of a limited number of non-FDA-approved commercial tests.
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Serology
References
- ↑ Dyall J, Coleman CM, Hart BJ, Venkataraman T, Holbrook MR, Kindrachuk J; et al. (2014). "Repurposing of clinically developed drugs for treatment of Middle East Respiratory Coronavirus Infection". Antimicrob Agents Chemother. doi:10.1128/AAC.03036-14. PMID 24841273.
- ↑ "Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infections when novel coronavirus is suspected: What to do and what not to do" (PDF).
- ↑ "MERS Prevention and Treatment".
- ↑ "Updated Information on the Epidemiology of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Infection and Guidance for the Public, Clinicians, and Public Health Authorities, 2012–2013".