Anthrax physical examination: Difference between revisions
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====Pulse==== | ====Pulse==== | ||
=====Rate===== | =====Rate===== | ||
=====Cutaneous Anthrax===== | |||
* [[Tachycardia]] is often present | * [[Tachycardia]] is often present | ||
=====Gastrointestinal Anthrax===== | |||
* [[Tachycardia]] is often present | * [[Tachycardia]] is often present | ||
=====Inhalation or Pulmonary Anthrax===== | |||
* [[Tachycardia]] is often present | * [[Tachycardia]] is often present | ||
=====Injection Anthrax===== | |||
* [[Tachycardia]] is often present | * [[Tachycardia]] is often present | ||
| Line 61: | Line 61: | ||
====Gastrointestinal Anthrax==== | ====Gastrointestinal Anthrax==== | ||
* The [[throat]] may be [[erythematous]] if lesion located on [[oropharyngeal]] mucosa | * The [[throat]] may be [[erythematous]] if lesion located on [[oropharyngeal]] mucosa | ||
* Exudate may be present if lesion located on oropharyngeal mucosa | * [[Exudate]] may be present if lesion located on oropharyngeal mucosa | ||
* | * Tonsillar [[inflammation]] may be present if lesion located on [[oropharyngeal]] mucosa | ||
=====Inhalation Anthrax===== | |||
* [[Edema]] may be present | |||
===Neck=== | ===Neck=== | ||
| Line 71: | Line 72: | ||
* Painful [[lymph nodes]] may be present | * Painful [[lymph nodes]] may be present | ||
* [[Edema]] may be present in [[oropharyngeal]] anthrax | * [[Edema]] may be present in [[oropharyngeal]] anthrax | ||
=====Inhalation Anthrax===== | |||
* [[Edema]] may be present | |||
* [[Lymph nodes]] may be present | |||
===Auscultation=== | |||
=====Inhalation Anthrax===== | |||
* [[Heart]] and [[lung]] sounds may be decreased in the presence of [[pleural effusion]] | |||
===Abdomen=== | ===Abdomen=== | ||
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*[[Abdominal tenderness]] may be present, particularly if exuberant vomiting | *[[Abdominal tenderness]] may be present, particularly if exuberant vomiting | ||
=====Gastrointestinal Anthrax===== | =====Gastrointestinal Anthrax===== | ||
* Abdominal distention may be present | * [[Abdominal distention]] may be present | ||
* Abdominal tenderness may be present | * [[Abdominal tenderness]] may be present | ||
===Extremities=== | ===Extremities=== | ||
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*[[Edema]] may be present, particularly around the initial lesion | *[[Edema]] may be present, particularly around the initial lesion | ||
=====Gastrointestinal Anthrax===== | =====Gastrointestinal Anthrax===== | ||
* Edema may be present | * [[Edema]] may be present | ||
=====Inhalation Anthrax===== | |||
* [[Cyanosis]] may be present | |||
* [[Edema]] may be present | |||
===Neurologic=== | ===Neurologic=== | ||
| Line 89: | Line 101: | ||
* [[Mental status]] may be altered in case of severe systemic anthrax | * [[Mental status]] may be altered in case of severe systemic anthrax | ||
=====Gastrointestinal Anthrax===== | =====Gastrointestinal Anthrax===== | ||
* Mental status may be altered in case of severe systemic anthrax | * [[Mental status]] may be altered in case of severe systemic anthrax | ||
* Coma may be present | * [[Coma]] may be present | ||
=====Inhalation Anthrax===== | |||
* [[Mental status]] may be altered in case of severe systemic anthrax | |||
* [[Coma]] may be present | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 12:30, 17 July 2014
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Anthrax Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Anthrax physical examination On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Anthrax physical examination |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Anthrax physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
Physical Examination
Appearance of the Patient
The appearance of the patients and physical exam will depend on the type of anthrax present in that patient.
Vitals
Temperature
Cutaneous Anthrax
- A fever is often present
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- A fever is often present
Inhalation Anthrax
- A fever is often present
Injection Anthrax
- A fever is often present
Pulse
Rate
Cutaneous Anthrax
- Tachycardia is often present
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- Tachycardia is often present
Inhalation or Pulmonary Anthrax
- Tachycardia is often present
Injection Anthrax
- Tachycardia is often present
Blood Pressure
Cutaneous Anthrax
- Hypotension may be present in severe systemic cases
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- Hypotension may be present in severe systemic cases
Inhalation Anthrax
- Hypotension may be present in severe systemic cases
Respiratory Rate
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- Bradypnea may be present in more severe cases
Inhalation Anthrax
- Bradypnea is often present
Skin
Cutaneous Anthrax
- A rash is often present. Initially appearing as a small papule, which will then develop a ring of vesicles around the papule, possibly with exudate. Between days 5 - 7, initial papule will ulcerate to form a typical scar.
- Edema may be present
- Regional lymphadenitis may be present
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- Edema may be present, particularly in the neck region
- Pallor may be present in cases of systemic anthrax with shock
Inhalation Anthrax
Throat
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- The throat may be erythematous if lesion located on oropharyngeal mucosa
- Exudate may be present if lesion located on oropharyngeal mucosa
- Tonsillar inflammation may be present if lesion located on oropharyngeal mucosa
Inhalation Anthrax
- Edema may be present
Neck
Cutaneous Anthrax
- Lymph nodes may be present, particularly if initial lesion is located in that region
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- Painful lymph nodes may be present
- Edema may be present in oropharyngeal anthrax
Inhalation Anthrax
- Edema may be present
- Lymph nodes may be present
Auscultation
Inhalation Anthrax
- Heart and lung sounds may be decreased in the presence of pleural effusion
Abdomen
Cutaneous Anthrax
- Abdominal tenderness may be present, particularly if exuberant vomiting
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- Abdominal distention may be present
- Abdominal tenderness may be present
Extremities
Cutaneous Anthrax
- Edema may be present, particularly around the initial lesion
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- Edema may be present
Inhalation Anthrax
Neurologic
Cutaneous Anthrax
- Mental status may be altered in case of severe systemic anthrax
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- Mental status may be altered in case of severe systemic anthrax
- Coma may be present
Inhalation Anthrax
- Mental status may be altered in case of severe systemic anthrax
- Coma may be present