Polio risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
Risk factors for infection with poliovirus include: not having been vaccinated; traveling to countries where the disease occurs; immunodeficiency; infections; and malnutrition. Once infected with the virus, risks for developing poliomyelitis and severe forms of the disease include: muscle trauma; excessive exercise; pregnancy; B-cell immunodeficiency and tonsillectomy.
Risk Factors
Risk factors for the development of poliomyelitis include:[1][2]
- Not having been vaccinated
- Traveling to countries where polio occurs
- Immunodeficiency[3]
- Injections
- Malnutrition[4]
Factors that increase the risk of developing poliomyelitis, after infection with poliovirus include:[5]
- Muscle trauma (provocation poliomyelitis)
- Excessive exercise (provocation poliomyelitis)[6]
- Injections (provocation poliomyelitis)[7]
- Pregnancy
- B-cell immunodeficiency
- Tonsilectomy[8]
References
- ↑ "Polyomavirus".
- ↑ "Poliomyelitis" (PDF).
- ↑ Davis L, Bodian D, Price D, Butler I, Vickers J (1977). "Chronic progressive poliomyelitis secondary to vaccination of an immunodeficient child". N Engl J Med. 297 (5): 241–5. PMID 195206.
- ↑ Chandra R (1975). "Reduced secretory antibody response to live attenuated measles and poliovirus vaccines in malnourished children". Br Med J. 2 (5971): 583–5. PMID 1131622.
- ↑ Mueller S, Wimmer E, Cello J (2005). "Poliovirus and poliomyelitis: a tale of guts, brains, and an accidental event". Virus Res. 111 (2): 175–93. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2005.04.008. PMID 15885840.
- ↑ Horstmann D (1950). "Acute poliomyelitis relation of physical activity at the time of onset to the course of the disease". J Am Med Assoc. 142 (4): 236–41. PMID 15400610.
- ↑ Gromeier M, Wimmer E (1998). "Mechanism of injury-provoked poliomyelitis". J. Virol. 72 (6): 5056–60. PMID 9573275.
- ↑ Miller A (1952). "Incidence of poliomyelitis; the effect of tonsillectomy and other operations on the nose and throat". Calif Med. 77 (1): 19–21. PMID 12978882.