Heart transplantation prognosis
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Editor(s)-in-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [1]
Prognosis
Factors determining Prognosis
- Donor factors-
- Advanced donor age
- prolonged donor heart ischemia time
- Recipient factors-
- The greatest one-year mortality was seen with the use of total artificial heart as a bridge to transplant or a need for end-organ support with mechanical ventilation or dialysis.
- Use of Amiodarone pretransplantation
- Prior cardiac surgery
- Transplantation of a female heart into a male or female recipient
After the first 6 months, the mortality rates is approximately 3.5% per year. The prognosis for heart transplant patients following the orthotopic procedure has greatly increased over the past 20 years, and as of Aug. 11, 2006, the survival rates were as follows.[1]
- 1 year: 86.1% (males), 83.9% (females)
- 3 years: 78.3% (males), 74.9% (females)
- 5 years: 71.2% (males), 66.9% (females)
The "half-life" of patient survival has likewise improved as follows [2]:
- 1982-1991: 8.9 years
- 1992-2001: 10.5 years
- 2002-2007: 11.0 years
As of 2006, Tony Huesman is the world's longest living heart transplant patient, having survived for 28 years with a transplanted heart. Huesman received a heart in 1978 at the age of 20 after viral pneumonia severely weakened his heart. The operation was performed at Stanford University under American heart transplant pioneer Dr. Norman Shumway, who continued to perform the operation in the U.S. after others abandoned it due to poor results. [3]
Causes of Death after Transplantation
The following table outlines the common causes of death in post cardiac transplant patients [4]:
| First 30 days post-transplant | From 1 month to 12 months post-transplant | After 5 years post-transplant |
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References
- ↑ Heart Transplants: Statistics The American Heart Association. Retrieved February 1, 2007.
- ↑ Taylor, DO, Stehlik, J, Edwards, LB, et al. Registry of the international society for heart and lung transplantation: twenty-sixth official adult heart transplant report-2009. J Heart Lung Transplant 2009; 28:1007.
- ↑ Heart Transplant Patient OK After 28 Yrs (September 14, 2006) CBS News. Retrieved December 29, 2006.
- ↑ Taylor DO, Stehlik J, Edwards LB, Aurora P, Christie JD, Dobbels F; et al. (2009). "Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: Twenty-sixth Official Adult Heart Transplant Report-2009". J Heart Lung Transplant. 28 (10): 1007–22. doi:10.1016/j.healun.2009.08.014. PMID 19782283.