Endometrial cancer differential diagnosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Monalisa Dmello, M.B,B.S., M.D. [2]

Overview

Endometrial cancer in early stage must be differentiated from diseases that cause abnormal uterine bleeding and endometrial thickening on USG, such as endometrial hyperplasia , endometrial polyp, and submucosal uterine leiomyoma. In advanced stages endometrial cancer must be differentiated from uterine sarcoma and uterine lymphoma.

Differentiating Endometrial Cancer From Other Diseases

• In early disease, uterine cancer must be differentiated from other diseases causing endometrial thickening:

• Benign endometrial proliferation
• Endometrial hyperplasia
• Endometrial polyp
• Submucosal uterine leiomyoma

• Differential considerations for advanced lesions include:

• Uterine sarcoma(s)

• Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS)
• Leiomyosarcoma of the uterus
• Malignant mixed Mullerian tumour (MMMT) of the uterus

• Uterine lymphoma: rare

• Primary uterine lymphoma
• Secondary uterine involvement with lymphoma

• Cervical cancer with uterine invasion
• Metastasis to the uterus from a non gynaecologcial malignancy: rare

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