Scrotal mass physical examination

Scrotal Mass Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Scrotal Mass from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Studies
Electrocardiogram
X-ray
Echocardiography and Ultrasound
CT scan
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Scrotal mass physical examination On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Scrotal mass physical examination All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Scrotal mass physical examination
CDC on Scrotal mass physical examination
Scrotal mass physical examination in the news
Blogs on Scrotal mass physical examination
Directions to Hospitals Treating bone or soft tissue mass
Risk calculators and risk factors for Scrotal mass physical examination

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]

Physical Evaluation

The physical examination findings of scrotal mass depend on the cause of the mass. The likely diagnoses of a scrotal mass based on physical examination findings include:

Swelling of the Testis

Swelling of the testis

Tender, onset <24 hours

Nontender, gradual onset

Torsion versus orchitis

Solid

Transilluminates

Yes

No

Yes

No

Presumed torsion Doppler ultrasonogram, urology consult

Blue dot sign?

Hydrocele

"Bag of worms" on palpation that increases on Valsalva maneuvers

Yes

No

Yes

No

Torsion of testicular appendage

Lack of blood flow on doppler sonogram, C-reactive protein level <24 mg per L

Varicocele

Reducible mass?

Yes

No

Yes

No

Testicular torsion; urgent surgery

Likely epididymitis/orchitis, possibly incarcerated inguinal hernia, or hemorrhagic testicular cancer

Hernia

Extratesticular and nontender

Yes

No

Likely benign, further workup as needed

Doppler sonography prior to urology evaluation

Unilateral mass

Evaluate for testicular cancer: AFP, B-HCG, and LDH levels; MRI or CT scans may be considered to look for possible metastases and cryopreservation of sperm while awaiting urology evaluation

Adapted from American academy of family physicians.