Acute liver failure risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
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Overview
Certain conditions can put a person at risk for developing acute liver failure. These include having certain infections, vascular disorders, autoimmune conditions, metabolic diseases, and primary cancers or malignancies.
Risk Factors
- Drug-related hepatotoxicity due to acetaminophen and idiosyncratic drug reactions is the most common cause of acute liver failure in the United States.
- Viruses infectious diseases
- Hepatitis A virus, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis D virus, or Hepatitis E virus.
- Other atypical viruses can cause viral hepatitis and fulminant hepatic failure, including cytomegalovirus, hemorrhagic fever viruses, herpes simplex virus, paramyxovirus and Epstein-Barr virus.
- Vascular diseases
- Ischemic hepatitis
- Hepatic vein thrombosis (Budd-Chiari syndrome)
- Hepatic veno-occlusive disease
- Portal vein thrombosis
- Autoimmune disease
- Metabolic diseases
- Acute fatty liver of pregnancy
- Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
- Reye syndrome
- Tyrosinemia
- HELLP syndrome
- Malignancy
- Primary liver tumor: Hepatocellular carcinoma
- Secondary liver tumor: Extensive hepatic metastases or infiltration from breast cancer, lung cancer, melanoma, lymphoma, leukemia.
- Long term alcohol consumption