Delayed puberty epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

The incidence of delayed puberty (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) is approximately 1-10 cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.The precise prevalence of delayed puberty is not known completely. The whole puberty disorders prevalence is about 3000 cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide. Regarding the definition of delayed puberty, the disease commonly affects children under 15 years of age. Delayed puberty usually affects individuals of all races, equally. Definite diagnosis upon the mean age of puberty onset in any specific societies can help to reduce the effects of ethnicity on delayed puberty epidemiology. Boys are more commonly affected by delayed puberty (constitutional delay of puberty) than girls.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

• The incidence of delayed puberty (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) is approximately 1-10 cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
• Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is responsible for 10% of boys delayed puberty.
• 5-10% of delayed puberty in boys is due to Klinefelter's syndrome (hypergonadotropic hypogonadism).

Prevalence

• The precise prevalence of delayed puberty is not known completely.
• The whole puberty disorders prevalence is about 3000 cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.

Case-fatality rate

• The case-fatality rate of delayed puberty is approximately zero. There is no reported case of mortality due to delayed puberty.

Age

• Regarding the definition of delayed puberty, the disease commonly affects children under 15 years of age.

Race

• Delayed puberty usually affects individuals of all races, equally.
• Different races have different puberty onset ages; African-American girls menarche age are earlier than White girls', which is because of body mass index (BMI) difference between races.
• Definite diagnosis upon the mean age of puberty onset in any specific societies can help to reduce the effects of ethnicity on delayed puberty epidemiology.
• 50-75% of patients with constitutional delay of puberty have family history of delayed puberty.

Gender

• Boys are more commonly affected by delayed puberty (constitutional delay of puberty) than girls.

Developed and Developing Countries

• Although there is difference between the age of puberty onset in developed and developing countries, but delayed puberty epidemiology is the same between them.