Ascariasis differential diagnosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fatimo Biobaku M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Differentiating Ascaris from other Nematodes^[1]
Nematode	Transmission	Direct Person-Person Transmission	Duration of Infection	Pulmonary Manifestation	Location of Adult worm(s)	Treatment
Ascaris lumbricoides	Ingestion of infective ova	No	1-2 years	Loeffler syndrome (usually about 9-12 days after exposure to ova) Cough Substernal discomfort Crackles Wheezing Transient opacities	Free in the lumen of the small bowel (primarily jejunum)	Albendazole Mebendazole Pyrantel Ivermectin Levamisole Piperazine
Trichuris trichiura (whipworm)	Ingestion of infective ova	No	1-3 years	No pulmonary migration, therefore, no pulmonary manifestation	Anchored in the superficial mucosa of cecum and colon	Albendazole Mebendazole
Hookworm (Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale)	Skin penetration by filariform larvae	No	3-5 years (Necator) 1 year (Ancylostoma)	Loeffler syndrome Transient opacities	Attached to the mucosa of mid-upper portion of the small bowel	Albendazole Mebendazole Levamisole Pyrantel
Strongyloides stercoralis	Filariform larvae penetrates skin or bowel mucosa	Yes	Lifetime of the host	Loeffler syndrome Chronic cough Pneumonia or sepsis in hyperinfection	Embedded in the mucosa of the duodenum, jejunum	Ivermectin Albendazole Thiabendazole
Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)	Ingestion of infective ova	Yes	1 month	No pulmonary migration, therefore, no pulmonary manifestation	Free in the lumen of cecum, appendix, adjacent colon	Albendazole Mebendazole Pyrantel Ivermectin Levamisole Piperazine

↑ Durand, Marlene (2015). "Chapter 288:Intestinal Nematodes (Roundworms)". Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases Updated Edition, Eighth Edition. Elsevier. pp. 3199–3207. ISBN 978-1-4557-4801-3.