Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis historical perspective
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shivani Chaparala M.B.B.S [2] Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [3]
Overview
Kerr and colleagues (1963) described 11 episodes of ascitic fluid infection in 9 cirrhotic patients while Harold O.Conn , M.D, a world-renowned hepatologist (1964) introduced the term “spontaneous bacterial peritonitis” for the first time in English literature.Later in the history, SBP was studied extensively by many renowned researchers and health care professionals as this condition was seen among many patients with cirrhosis, which has lead to the thorough understanding and recognition of SBP.
Historical perspective
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis was known to emerge from different stages as follows:
- Bacteria migrating from the infected bowel (due to the altered bowel flora ) seen in hepatic cirrhosis enter the portal blood and escape the "bacterial filter" in the liver since a high proportion of the portal flow in cirrhotics may bypass the liver sinusoids.
- Having entered into the systemic circulation the bacteria are more likely to survive since cirrhotics have a reduced resistance to infection.
- In such conditions, they are more prone to cause bacteremia and life-threatening sepsis.
- A few case reports have appeared in the French and American literature but the condition attracted little attention until 1958.
- In 1958, Caroli and Platteborse described 20 patients with cirrhosis developing coliform septicemia and peritonitis, in whom Gram-negative organisms were cultured from blood, ascitic fluid, or both.
- Kerr and colleagues in 1963 published two papers on the ascitic fluid infection as a complication of cirrhosis.[1]
- Prof Harold O. Conn was the first to use term "spontaneous bacterial peritonitis" in English literature in 1964.
- Krencker 1907; Brule et al 1939; Cachin 1955; Navasa et al 1999 described that ascitic fluid infections were most common in patients with cirrhosis.
- Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), reported by Caroli and Platteborse (1958) has had its importance increased since Kerr and colleagues (1963) and Conn (1964) published two papers about this cirrhosis complication almost simultaneously.[2]
- Kerr and colleagues (1963) described 11 episodes of ascitic fluid infection in 9 cirrhotic patients while Harold O.Conn , M.D, a world-renowned hepatologist (1964) introduced the term “spontaneous bacterial peritonitis” for the first time in English literature.
- Later in the history, SBP was studied extensively by many renowned researchers and health care professionals as this condition was seen among many patients with cirrhosis, which has lead to the thorough understanding and recognition of SBP.
References
- ↑ KERR DN, PEARSON DT, READ AE (1963). "INFECTION OF ASCITIC FLUID IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS". Gut. 4: 394–8. PMC 1413490. PMID 14084751.
- ↑ CONN HO (1964). "SPONTANEOUS PERITONITIS AND BACTEREMIA IN LAENNEC'S CIRRHOSIS CAUSED BY ENTERIC ORGANISMS. A RELATIVELY COMMON BUT RARELY RECOGNIZED SYNDROME". Ann Intern Med. 60: 568–80. PMID 14138877.