Fibromyalgia overview
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a disorder classified by the presence of chronic widespread pain and tactile allodynia.[1] While the criteria for such an entity have not yet been thoroughly developed, the recognition that fibromyalgia involves more than just pain has led to the frequent use of the term "fibromyalgia syndrome". It is not contagious, and recent studies suggest that some people with fibromyalgia may be genetically predisposed.[2] The disorder is not directly life-threatening. The degree of symptoms may vary greatly from day to day with periods of flares (severe worsening of symptoms) or remission; however, the disorder is generally perceived as non-progressive.
Historical Perspective
Classification
DSM 5 divides fibromyalgia into four groups based on the differences in psychological and autonomic nervous system profiles among affected individuals into extreme sensitivity to pain but no associated psychiatric conditions, fibromyalgia and comorbid, pain-related depression, depression with concomitant fibromyalgia syndrome, fibromyalgia due to somatization.[3][4][5]
Pathophysiology
The cause of fibromyalgia is unknown. In fact it is not be due to a singular factor at all but is due to a multiplicity of causes. Fibromyalgia does not, start as a result of some trauma such as a traffic accident, major surgery, or disease. Some evidence shows that Lyme Disease may be a trigger of fibromyalgia symptoms. Various hypothesis have been put through describing the pathogenesis of fibrommyalgia. Another study suggests that more than one clinical entity may be involved, ranging from a mild, idiopathic inflammatory process to clinical depression[6][7]
Causes
Differentiating Fibromyalgia from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Common risk factors in the development of fibromyalgia are stressful or traumatic events, such as car accidents, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), repetitive injuries. Injury from repetitive stress on a joint, such as frequent knee bending, illness (such as viral infections), family history and obesity.[8]
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Criteria
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Psychotherapy
Future or Investigational Therap
References
- ↑ Wolfe, F (February 1990). "The American College of Rheumatology 1990 Criteria for the Classification of Fibromyalgia. Report of the Multicenter Criteria Committee". Arthritis and Rheumatism. 33 (2): 160–172. PMID 2306288. Unknown parameter
|coauthors=ignored (help) - ↑ Biology and therapy of fibromyalgia. Genetic aspects of fibromyalgia syndrome
- ↑ Fitzcharles MA, Shir Y, Ablin JN, Buskila D, Amital H, Henningsen P, Häuser W (2013). "Classification and clinical diagnosis of fibromyalgia syndrome: recommendations of recent evidence-based interdisciplinary guidelines". Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013: 528952. doi:10.1155/2013/528952. PMC 3860136. PMID 24379886.
- ↑ Wolfe F, Smythe HA, Yunus MB, Bennett RM, Bombardier C, Goldenberg DL, Tugwell P, Campbell SM, Abeles M, Clark P (1990). "The American College of Rheumatology 1990 Criteria for the Classification of Fibromyalgia. Report of the Multicenter Criteria Committee". Arthritis Rheum. 33 (2): 160–72. PMID 2306288.
- ↑ Fitzcharles MA, Ste-Marie PA, Goldenberg DL, Pereira JX, Abbey S, Choinière M, Ko G, Moulin DE, Panopalis P, Proulx J, Shir Y (2013). "2012 Canadian Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of fibromyalgia syndrome: executive summary". Pain Res Manag. 18 (3): 119–26. PMC 3673928. PMID 23748251.
- ↑ http://www.springerlink.com/content/1271314042w8405g/ Mueller W, et al. The classification of fibromyalgia syndrome. Rheumatol Int. 2007 Jul 25
- ↑ "Late and Chronic Lyme Disease: Symptom Overlap with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome & Fibromyalgia".
- ↑ Clauw DJ (2014). "Fibromyalgia: a clinical review". JAMA. 311 (15): 1547–55. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.3266. PMID 24737367.