Goiter screening
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Screening for Goiter initially involves physical examination followed by blood tests for free T4 and TSH and finally thyroid scan, ultrasound and biopsy to rule out malignanacy.
Screening
- Screening for Goiter includes the following approaches and progresses to the next approach based on the result of earlier screening procedure: [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]
- Physical exam:
- Involves the assessment of the size and the extent of enlargement of the thyroid gland. If the enlargement is positive, blood tests for Free T4 and TSH are evaluated.
- Blood Tests:
- Blood tests are carried out in order to determine whether the Goiter is affecting the production of thyroid hormone.
- Further evaluation to rule out malignancy:
- Based on the results of the physical exam and blood tests, further evaluation involving the following is advised in order to rule out malignant transformation of the gland:
- Thyroid scan
- Ultrasound
- Biopsy of the gland
- Based on the results of the physical exam and blood tests, further evaluation involving the following is advised in order to rule out malignant transformation of the gland:
- Physical exam:
References
- ↑ Ladenson PW (1996). "Optimal laboratory testing for diagnosis and monitoring of thyroid nodules, goiter, and thyroid cancer". Clin. Chem. 42 (1): 183–7. PMID 8565224.
- ↑ Dietlein M, Moka D, Schmidt M, Theissen P, Schicha H (2003). "[Prevention, screening and therapy of thyroid diseases and their cost-effectiveness]". Nuklearmedizin (in German). 42 (5): 181–9. PMID 14571314.
- ↑ COLE WH, MAJARAKIS JD, SLAUGHTER DP (1949). "Incidence of carcinoma of the thyroid in nodular goiter". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 9 (10): 1007–11. doi:10.1210/jcem-9-10-1007. PMID 18142433.
- ↑ "Reorganized text". JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 141 (5): 428. 2015. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2015.0540. PMID 25996397.
- ↑ Gursoy A, Anil C, Unal AD, Demirer AN, Tutuncu NB, Erdogan MF (2008). "Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of thyroid hemiagenesis: ultrasound screening in patients with thyroid disease and normal population". Endocrine. 33 (3): 338–41. doi:10.1007/s12020-008-9095-5. PMID 19016002.
- ↑ Brander A, Viikinkoski P, Nickels J, Kivisaari L (1989). "Thyroid gland: US screening in middle-aged women with no previous thyroid disease". Radiology. 173 (2): 507–10. doi:10.1148/radiology.173.2.2678263. PMID 2678263.