Esophagitis risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Common risk factors in the development of esophagitis are immunosuppression, alcohol use, smoking, excessive vomiting, certain medications, and surgery or radiation to the chest.
Risk Factors
The following increase the risk of esophagitis:[1][2][3][4][5][6]
- Alcohol use
- Cigarette smoking
- Surgery or radiation to the chest (for example, treatment for lung cancer)
- Taking certain medications without plenty of water especially Alendronate, Tetracycline, Doxycycline, and vitamins
- Vomiting
Individuals with weakened immune systems due to HIV and certain medications (such as corticosteroids) may develop infections that lead to esophagitis.
Eosinophilic Esophagitis
The risk factors of EoE are as follows:[2][3][4][5][6]
- Age- EoE has a bimodal age distribution common in both children and adults.
- Sex- Males are more prone to EoE than the females.
- Weather- Cold and dry climate trigger EoE.
- Location- EoE is common in people with a history of European ancestry.
- Season- Summer and fall, this is because people stay outdoors during this time and the higher levels of the pollen and the other allergens during these seasons.
- Family history- EoE runs in the family and it is more common in people with a positive family history of the EoE.
- History of allergies- EoE is very common in patient with a history of allergies such as asthma, industrial exposures, environmental allergies, chronic respiratory disease, food allergies and atopic dermatitis.
Reflux Esophagitis
Common risk factors of GERD include the following:
- Smoking
- Obesity
- Pregnancy
- Hiatal hernia
- Scleroderma
- Alcohol consumption
- Consuming drinks that contain caffeine
- Anticholinergics (e.g. for seasickness)
- Beta blockers for high blood pressure or heart disease
- Bronchodilators for asthma
- Calcium channel blockers for high blood pressure
- Dopamine-active drugs for Parkinson's disease
- Progestin for abnormal menstrual bleeding or birth control
- Sedatives for insomnia or anxiety
- Tricyclic antidepressants
References
- ↑ Jarosz M, Taraszewska A (2014). "Risk factors for gastroesophageal reflux disease: the role of diet". Prz Gastroenterol. 9 (5): 297–301. doi:10.5114/pg.2014.46166. PMC 4223119. PMID 25396005.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Genetic dissection of eosinophilic esophagitis provides insight into disease pathogenesis and treatment strategies. - PubMed - NCBI".
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" (PDF).
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Genetics of Eosinophilic Esophagitis - FullText - Digestive Diseases 2014, Vol. 32, No. 1-2 - Karger Publishers".
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Furuta GT, Katzka DA (2015). "Eosinophilic Esophagitis". N. Engl. J. Med. 373 (17): 1640–8. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1502863. PMC 4905697. PMID 26488694.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Kocsis D, Tulassay Z, Juhász M (2015). "[Dietary and pharmacological aspects of eosinophilic esophagitis]". Orv Hetil (in Hungarian). 156 (23): 927–32. doi:10.1556/650.2015.30164. PMID 26027600.