Dyspepsia history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
History and Symptoms
- A pain or a burning feeling in the upper portion of the stomach
- Nausea
- Bloating
- Sometimes uncontrollable burping
- Heartburn
- Fever
- Metallic taste
- Rumbling in the stomach
- Sense of fullness after eating
- A feeling as though something is lodged in the esophagus
- Pain and discomfort at the xiphoid region
- Sudden chills, comparable to those felt during fevers
History
Obtaining the history is the most important aspect of making a diagnosis of dyspepsia. It provides insight into the cause, precipitating factors and associated comorbid conditions.
Past Medical History
- A history of epigastric pain, dyspepsia, or prior peptic ulcer may suggest the diagnosis of dyspepsia.[1][2][3]
Medication History
- Prior use of aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is important because these patients have an increased risk of gastric ulcer and a fourfold risk of significant GI bleeding compared with other patients[4]
Social History
- Helicobacter pylori infection is more common in low socioeconomic status and increased number of siblings[5]
- Alcoholics also frequently have peptic ulcers or gastritis[6][4]
- Cigarette smokers have a significantly higher rate of the recurrent duodenal ulcer as compared with nonsmokers [7][8]
Family History
- Family history of dyspepsia increases the risk of peptic ulcer
- History of dyspepsia in mother increases the risk of dyspepsia in children
Symptoms
- The majority of patients with the dyspepsia are symptomatic but some people do not show any symptoms,called as a silent ulcer.
- The hallmark of dyspepsia:
Common Symptoms
Common symptoms of dyspepsia include:
- Episodic epigastric pain
- Heartburn
- Bloating
- Nausea and vomiting
- Waterbrash
- Indigestion
- Hematemesis
- Melena
- Loss of appetite
Less Common Symptoms
Less common symptoms of dyspepsia include:
References
- ↑ Laine, Loren; Solomon, Caren G. (2016). "Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Due to a Peptic Ulcer". New England Journal of Medicine. 374 (24): 2367–2376. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1514257. ISSN 0028-4793.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Ramakrishnan K, Salinas RC (2007). "Peptic ulcer disease". Am Fam Physician. 76 (7): 1005–12. PMID 17956071.
- ↑ Drini M (2017). "Peptic ulcer disease and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs". Aust Prescr. 40 (3): 91–93. doi:10.18773/austprescr.2017.037. PMC 5478398. PMID 28798512.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Goulston K, Cooke AR (1968). "Alcohol, aspirin, and gastrointestinal bleeding". Br Med J. 4 (5632): 664–5. PMC 1912769. PMID 5303551.
- ↑ Bruce MG, Maaroos HI (2008). "Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection". Helicobacter. 13 Suppl 1: 1–6. doi:10.1111/j.1523-5378.2008.00631.x. PMID 18783514.
- ↑ MacMath TL (1990). "Alcohol and gastrointestinal bleeding". Emerg. Med. Clin. North Am. 8 (4): 859–72. PMID 2226291.
- ↑ Jafar W, Jafar A, Sharma A (2016). "Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage: an update". Frontline Gastroenterol. 7 (1): 32–40. doi:10.1136/flgastro-2014-100492. PMC 5369541. PMID 28839832. Vancouver style error: initials (help)
- ↑ Palmer K (2007). "Acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage". Br. Med. Bull. 83: 307–24. doi:10.1093/bmb/ldm023. PMID 17942452.