Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]
Overview
Risk Factors
Common risk factors
- Common risk factors of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis include the following:
- Cigarette smoking:[1]
- Is the most important risk factor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis even years after cessation
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD):
- GERD
- Gene mutations:
- Genetic mutations showed increase risk in development of pulmonary fibrosis. Mutations include the following genes:[2]
- hTERT and hTR
- MUC5B
- TERT
- TERC
- RTEL1
- PARN
- DKC1
- TINF2
- SFTPC
- SFTPA2
- ABCA3
- Genetic mutations showed increase risk in development of pulmonary fibrosis. Mutations include the following genes:[2]
- Cigarette smoking:[1]
References
- ↑ Baumgartner KB, Samet JM, Stidley CA, Colby TV, Waldron JA (1997). "Cigarette smoking: a risk factor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis". Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 155 (1): 242–8. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.155.1.9001319. PMID 9001319.
- ↑ Wolters PJ, Blackwell TS, Eickelberg O, Loyd JE, Kaminski N, Jenkins G; et al. (2018). "Time for a change: is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis still idiopathic and only fibrotic?". Lancet Respir Med. 6 (2): 154–160. doi:10.1016/S2213-2600(18)30007-9. PMID 29413083.