Multiple sclerosis risk factors
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Overview
Risk Factors
Common environmental risk factors in the development of multiple sclerosis are smoking[1], genetic[2], occupational exposures and toxins, physical environment and stress.[3]
smoking
various studies showed that smoking, beside cardiovascular diseases and cancer, can be a risk factor of multiple sclerosis.[1][4]
Genetic
Some studies demonstrate that MS has a strong genetic base. The first degree family of a MS patient is at 10-25 times greater risk than normal population, so genetically susceptible people are more likely to developed MS disease.[5][2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Riise T, Nortvedt MW, Ascherio A (October 2003). "Smoking is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis". Neurology. 61 (8): 1122–4. PMID 14581676.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Sadovnick AD, Baird PA, Ward RH (March 1988). "Multiple sclerosis: updated risks for relatives". Am. J. Med. Genet. 29 (3): 533–41. doi:10.1002/ajmg.1320290310. PMID 3376997.
- ↑ Coo H, Aronson KJ (2004). "A systematic review of several potential non-genetic risk factors for multiple sclerosis". Neuroepidemiology. 23 (1–2): 1–12. doi:10.1159/000073969. PMID 14739563.
- ↑ Hernán MA, Olek MJ, Ascherio A (July 2001). "Cigarette smoking and incidence of multiple sclerosis". Am. J. Epidemiol. 154 (1): 69–74. PMID 11427406.
- ↑ Robertson NP, Fraser M, Deans J, Clayton D, Walker N, Compston DA (April 1996). "Age-adjusted recurrence risks for relatives of patients with multiple sclerosis". Brain. 119 ( Pt 2): 449–55. PMID 8800940.