Hamman-Rich syndrome causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chandrakala Yannam, MD [2]
Overview
There is no specific etiology (idiopathic), that is responsible for developing acute interstitial pneumonitis.
Causes
Life-threatening Causes
- Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. There are no known life-threatening causes of acute interstitial pneumonitis.
Common Causes
- There is no specific etiology (idiopathic), that is responsible for developing acute interstitial pneumonitis.
- Acute interstitial pneumonitis can be considered as an idiopathic cause of ARDS.[1]
- On histopathological examination acute interstitial pneumonitis shows diffuse alveolar damage, therefore, the known causes of diffuse alveolar damage should be ruled out.
| Diffuse alveolar damage causes | |
|---|---|
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome[2] | |
| Acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis | |
| Infections[3][4] | Viruses: Influenza, Herpes simplex virus, Cytomegalovirus, Adenovirus, Respiratory syncytial virus.
Fungi: Disseminated histoplasmosis, Cryptococcus. Bacteria: Nontuberculous mycobacterial infection, Legionella, Mycoplasma. |
| Connective tissue disorders[5][6] | Rheumatoid arthritis
Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) Mixed connective tissue disease Anti-Jo-1 tRNA synthetase syndrome |
| Drugs[7] | Amiodarone
Carmustine (BCNU) Cytosine-arabinoside (Ara-C) |
| Toxic inhalants and ingestants | Paraquat, kerosene, chlorine gas, nitrogen dioxide, phosgene |
| Organ transplantation | |
| Aspiration | |
| Oxygen toxicity[8] |
References
- ↑ Bruminhent J, Yassir S, Pippim J (2011). "Acute interstitial pneumonia (hamman-rich syndrome) as a cause of idiopathic acute respiratory distress syndrome". Case Rep Med. 2011: 628743. doi:10.1155/2011/628743. PMC 3114546. PMID 21687544.
- ↑ Matthay MA, Ware LB, Zimmerman GA (August 2012). "The acute respiratory distress syndrome". J. Clin. Invest. 122 (8): 2731–40. doi:10.1172/JCI60331. PMC 3408735. PMID 22850883.
- ↑ Kao KC, Hu HC, Chang CH, Hung CY, Chiu LC, Li SH, Lin SW, Chuang LP, Wang CW, Li LF, Chen NH, Yang CT, Huang CC, Tsai YH (May 2015). "Diffuse alveolar damage associated mortality in selected acute respiratory distress syndrome patients with open lung biopsy". Crit Care. 19: 228. doi:10.1186/s13054-015-0949-y. PMC 4449559. PMID 25981598.
- ↑ Kato S, Fujisawa T, Enomoto N, Inui N, Nakamura Y, Suda T (June 2015). "Severe respiratory failure associated with influenza B virus infection". Respirol Case Rep. 3 (2): 61–3. doi:10.1002/rcr2.107. PMC 4469142. PMID 26090113.
- ↑ Castelino FV, Varga J (2010). "Interstitial lung disease in connective tissue diseases: evolving concepts of pathogenesis and management". Arthritis Res. Ther. 12 (4): 213. doi:10.1186/ar3097. PMC 2945045. PMID 20735863.
- ↑ Lee HK, Kim DS, Yoo B, Seo JB, Rho JY, Colby TV, Kitaichi M (June 2005). "Histopathologic pattern and clinical features of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease". Chest. 127 (6): 2019–27. doi:10.1378/chest.127.6.2019. PMID 15947315.
- ↑ Danson S, Blackhall F, Hulse P, Ranson M (2005). "Interstitial lung disease in lung cancer: separating disease progression from treatment effects". Drug Saf. 28 (2): 103–13. PMID 15691221.
- ↑ Ciencewicki J, Trivedi S, Kleeberger SR (September 2008). "Oxidants and the pathogenesis of lung diseases". J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 122 (3): 456–68, quiz 469–70. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2008.08.004. PMC 2693323. PMID 18774381.