Fibromuscular dysplasia
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Fibromuscular dysplasia Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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ASA/ACCF/AHA Guideline Recommendations |
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Management of Patients With Fibromuscular Dysplasia of the Extracranial Carotid Arteries |
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Case Studies |
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Fibromuscular dysplasia On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Fibromuscular dysplasia |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Fibromuscular dysplasia |
For patient information page, click here
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-in-Chief: Mohsen Basiri M.D.
Synonyms and keywords: FMD
Overview
The definition of Fibromuscular Dysplasia(FMD) on the Medical Subject Headings is "an idiopathic, segmental, nonatheromatous disease of the musculature of arterial walls, leading to stenosis of small and medium-sized arteries. There is a true proliferation of smooth muscle cells and fibrous tissue. however, this type of angiopathy is a noninflammatory process and is therefore not associated with inflammatory biomarkers.
According to the definition, FMD is a condition which can involve every vascular bed in the body, therefore it can cause very heterogeneous and extensive spectrum of clinical manifestations from asymptomatic involvement to devastating consequences and morbidity and mortality.
Unlike routine conception that FMD is a disease of middle-age female, current data from the French and US registries showed that irrespective of age and sex, every practitioner at any level should be familiar with suggestive symptoms and signs of FMD and raise awareness about FMD which is more frequent and more often systematic than previously thought.
Historical Perspective
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Fibromuscular dysplasia from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | CT | MRI | Arteriography | Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Management Guidelines | Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies