Kidney stone physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Patients with [disease name] usually appear [general appearance]. Physical examination of patients with [disease name] is usually remarkable for [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].

OR

Common physical examination findings of [disease name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].

OR

The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is diagnostic of [disease name].

OR

The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is highly suggestive of [disease name].

Physical Examination

• Physical examination of patients with nephrolithiasis is usually remarkable for

Appearance of the Patient

• Patients with nephrolithiasis usually appear in pain.
• Patients tend to move constantly in order to achieve a comfortable position.

Vital Signs

• High-grade / low-grade fever.
• Tachycardia with regular pulse can be seen secondary to pain.
• Tachypnea can be seen.

Skin

• Skin examination of patients with nephrolithiasis is usually normal.

HEENT

• HEENT examination of patients with nephrolithiasis is usually normal.

Neck

• Neck examination of patients with nephrolithiasis is usually normal.

Lungs

• Pulmonary examination of patients with nephrolithiasis is usually normal.

Heart

Costovertebral angle -By Brainmachine, Source:Wikimedia commons

• Cardiovascular examination of patients with nephrolithiasis is usually normal.

Abdomen

• Hypoactive bowel sounds as seen in ileus due to severe pain
• Additional findings, such as obturator test, psoas test, McBurney point test, Murphy test

Back

• Costovertebral angle tenderness bilaterally/unilaterally depending upon sides involved.

Genitourinary

• Genitourinary examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.

OR

• A pelvic/adnexal mass may be palpated
• Inflamed mucosa
• Clear/(color), foul-smelling/odorless penile/vaginal discharge

Neuromuscular

• Neuromuscular examination of patients with nephrolithiasis is usually normal.

Extremities

• Extremities examination of patients with nephrolithiasis is usually normal.