Fibromuscular dysplasia natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural History
The most common clinical presentation of FMD is hypertension in women with the prime of their life, whereas FMD can occur in both genders at any age its presentations across the lifespan. In general, the clinical presentations of FMD in women as compared with men are somewhat different. manifestations of cerebrovascular FMD are more likely to occur in women, whereas manifestations of renal FMD, arterial dissections and aneurysms are more common in men.[1] The most common presenting symptoms in 615 individuals from the United States FMD Registry are as follows:
- Headache
- Pulsatile tinnitus
- Neck pain
- Flank or abdominal pain
The most common presenting signs of FMD are as follows: ●Hypertension – 67 percent (66 percent of women and 74 percent of men) ●Cervical bruit – 25 percent (27 percent of women and 4 percent of men) ●Abdominal bruit – 11 percent (12 percent of women and no men) Transient ischemic attack – 10 percent (10 percent of women and 4 percent of men) ● ●Stroke – 8 percent (8 percent of women and 4 percent of men)
Complications
- Common complications of [disease name] include:
- [Complication 1]
- [Complication 2]
- [Complication 3]
Prognosis
- Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#]%.
- Depending on the extent of the [tumor/disease progression/etc.] at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as poor/good/excellent.
- The presence of [characteristic of disease] is associated with a particularly [good/poor] prognosis among patients with [disease/malignancy].
- [Subtype of disease/malignancy] is associated with the most favorable prognosis.
- The prognosis varies with the [characteristic] of tumor; [subtype of disease/malignancy] have the most favorable prognosis.
References
- ↑ Esther S. H. Kim, Jeffrey W. Olin, James B. Froehlich, Xiaokui Gu, J. Michael Bacharach, Bruce H. Gray, Michael R. Jaff, Barry T. Katzen, Eva Kline-Rogers, Pamela D. Mace, Alan H. Matsumoto, Robert D. McBane, Christopher J. White & Heather L. Gornik (2013). "Clinical manifestations of fibromuscular dysplasia vary by patient sex: a report of the United States registry for fibromuscular dysplasia". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 62 (21): 2026–2028. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.07.038. PMID 23954333. Unknown parameter
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