Fibromuscular dysplasia diagnostic study of choice
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
- Imaging modilities are the methods for diagnosing FMD.
- Duplex ultrasonography, accompanied by computed tomographic angiography (CTA), and magnetic
resonance angiography (MRA), are imaging techniques for detecting FMD lesions but the gold standard remains catheter-based angiography.
Diagnostic Study of Choice
Study of choice
- Catheter-based angiography is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of renovascular fibromuscular dysplasia.
- The following result of Catheter-based angiography is confirmatory of fibromuscular dysplasia:
- Multifocal FMD: Imaging may reveal the classic string of beads appearance. (image 1)
- Focal FMD: Imaging may reveal a concentric, smooth, band-like focal stenosis or a tubular stenosis (image 2)
- extreme arterial tortuosity. This is most common in the carotid, vertebral, and coronary arteries (image 3),
Diagnostic Criteria
- Here you should describe the details of the diagnostic criteria.
- Always mention the name of the criteria/definition you are about to list (e.g. modified Duke criteria for the diagnosis of endocarditis / 3rd universal definition of MI) and cite the primary source of where this criteria/definition is found.
- Although not necessary, it is recommended that you include the criteria in a table. Make sure you always cite the source of the content and whether the table has been adapted from another source.
- Be very clear as to the number of criteria (or threshold) that needs to be met out of the total number of criteria.
- Distinguish criteria based on their nature (e.g. clinical criteria / pathological criteria/ imaging criteria) before discussing them in details.
- To view an example (endocarditis diagnostic criteria), click here
- If relevant, add additional information that might help the reader distinguish various criteria or the evolution of criteria (e.g. original criteria vs. modified criteria).
- You may also add information about the sensitivity and specificity of the criteria, the pre-test probability, and other figures that may help the reader understand how valuable the criteria are clinically.
- [Disease name] is mainly diagnosed based on clinical presentation. There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of [disease name].
- There is no single diagnostic study of choice for [disease name], though [disease name] may be diagnosed based on [name of criteria] established by [...].
- The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met: [criterion 1], [criterion 2], [criterion 3], and [criterion 4].
- The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [criteria name] criteria, which includes [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
- [Disease name] may be diagnosed at any time if one or more of the following criteria are met:
- Criteria 1
- Criteria 2
- Criteria 3
IF there are clear, established diagnostic criteria:
- The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met: [criterion 1], [criterion 2], [criterion 3], and [criterion 4].
- The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [criteria name] criteria, which include [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
- The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [definition name] definition, which includes [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
IF there are no established diagnostic criteria:
- There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of [disease name].