Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis natural history, complications and prognosis
|
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis Microchapters |
|
Differentiating Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis from other Diseases |
|---|
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis natural history, complications and prognosis On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis natural history, complications and prognosis |
|
FDA on Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis natural history, complications and prognosis |
|
CDC on Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis natural history, complications and prognosis |
|
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis natural history, complications and prognosis in the news |
|
Blogs on Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis natural history, complications and prognosis |
|
Directions to Hospitals Treating Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis |
Overview
Complication of MPGN is mostly based on when the disease diagnosed and what kind of MPGN is determined in the result of kidney biopsy.
Natural history
The natural history of Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is characterised by severity of clinical features which autonomously fluctuate, with very few cases of complete remission. Acute presentation and a slower reduction in renal function have seen more in children than adults. ESRD have been occurred among approximately 40% of patients within 10 years of diagnosis. Features suggestive of an adverse outcome include the nephrotic syndrome, renal dysfunction at onset, and persistent hypertension. Type II MPGN is associated with a worse prognosis, as is the presence of chronic interstitial damage on renal biopsy. In 20 - 30% of type I and 80 - 90 % type II MPGN, Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis may recur.
Complication
the most common complications in patients who have MPGN are included:
- End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
- Edema
- Periorbital
- Dependent edema
- Hypertension
- Infection with encapsulated bacteria
- Haemophilus species
- Streptococcus species
- Klebsiella species
- Thromboembolism events
- There are several predisposing factor that can increase thromboembolism tendency, these factors are:
- Decrease in anticoagulant factors such as, proteins C and S and antithrombin III
- Increased platelet aggregability
- Increase procoagulants proteins
- Hyperlipidemia
- Impaired fibrinolysis
- There are several predisposing factor that can increase thromboembolism tendency, these factors are:
- Hyperlipidemia
- Malnutrition
- Anemia due to iron deficiency
- Hypocalcemia due to hyperparathyroidism secondary to vitamin D deficiency
Prognosis
Factors that worsen the prognosis of MPGN are:[1]
- Hypertension at presentation
- Elderly individuals
- Low GFR at 1st year of presentation
Patients with MPGN type 1 and nephrotic syndrome have 50% vulnerability to develop end-stage renal disease (ESRD) within 10 years and 90% in 20 years. Type II MPGN is some how more aggressive and 50% of patients eventuate in ESRD after 10 years of diagnosis.[2][3]
References
- ↑ Janette C.Cansick, Rachel lennon (2004). "prognosis, treatment and outcome of childhood mesangiocapillary". Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation.
- ↑ Michelle M. O’Shaughnessy, Maria E. Montez-Rath, Richard A. Lafayette and Wolfgang C. Winkelmayer (2015). "Differences in initial treatment modality for end-stage renal disease among glomerulonephritis subtypes in the USA". Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation.
- ↑ Sanjeev Sethi, M.D., Ph.D., and Fernando C. Fervenza, M.D., Ph.D. (2012). "Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis — A New Look at an Old Entity". The new england journal of medicine.