Fibromuscular dysplasia epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohsen Basiri M.D.
Overview
The prevalence of FMD in the general population is not known. In some studies, the prevalence of renal artery FMD has been calculated to be approximately 4 per 100 adults.. Patients of all age groups may develop FMD, but women are more commonly affected by FMD than men. The women to men ratio is approximately 9:1.5.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
- The prevalence of FMD in the general population is not known; however, the prevalence of renal artery FMD has been estimated to be as high as 4 per 100 adults.[1][2]
- In one of the largest series of >1000 patients with FMD, 58% had involvement the renal artery, 32% involved the extracranial cerebrovascular arteries and 10% involved other arterial territories such as the visceral arteries or external iliac arteries. Approximately 70% of patients have multiple arteries involvement.[3]
- Among patients with renovascular hypertension, FMD accounts for 35 to 50 percent of cases in children and 5 to 10 percent of cases in adults under the age of 60 years.
- Extracranial cerebrovascular (eg, carotid and vertebral arteries) involvement is common in patients with established renal FMD. Data from the first 447 patients entered into the United States FMD Registry reveal that approximately 65 percent have extracranial cerebrovascular disease When cerebrovascular disease is present, there is often bilateral carotid involvement, coexisting vertebral artery disease, and, less commonly, disease in the external carotid, middle cerebral, anterior cerebral, basilar, and anterior communicating arteries. FMD may also be associated with intracranial aneurysms.
Age
- Patients of all age groups may develop FMD.
- The mean age at diagnosis of the first 447 patients enrolled in the U.S. Registry for FMD was 51.9 ± 13.1 years (range of 5 to 86 years),
Gender
- Women are more commonly affected by FMD than men. The women to men ratio is approximately 9:1.5.
- In the US Registry, 91%of registrants were female.
References
- ↑ Cragg AH, Smith TP, Thompson BH, Maroney TP, Stanson AW, Shaw GT, Hunter DW, Cochran ST. Incidental fibromuscular dysplasia in potential renal donors: long-term clinical follow-up. Radiology. 1989;172:145–147
- ↑ Perdu, J; Boutouyrie, P; Bourgain, C; Stern, N; Laloux, B; Bozec, E; Azizi, M; Bonaiti-Pellié, C; Plouin, P-F; Laurent, S; Gimenez-Roqueplo, A-P; Jeunemaitre, X (2007). "Inheritance of arterial lesions in renal fibromuscular dysplasia". Journal of Human Hypertension. 21 (5): 393–400. ISSN 0950-9240. doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1002156
- ↑ Olin, J. W.; Gornik, H. L.; Bacharach, J. M.; Biller, J.; Fine, L. J.; Gray, B. H.; Gray, W. A.; Gupta, R.; Hamburg, N. M.; Katzen, B. T.; Lookstein, R. A.; Lumsden, A. B.; Newburger, J. W.; Rundek, T.; Sperati, C. J.; Stanley, J. C. (2014). "Fibromuscular Dysplasia: State of the Science and Critical Unanswered Questions: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association". Circulation. 129 (9): 1048–1078. doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000442577.96802.8c. ISSN 0009-7322.