Disseminated intravascular coagulation laboratory findings
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Laboratory findings
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of DIC include:[1]
Full blood count:
- Decreased platelets
- fibrin degradation products or D-dimer tests (markers of fibrinolysis)[2]
- bleeding time and fibrinogen levels.
Peripheral smear
- Schistocytes and RBC fragments in ~ 50%
- Mild reticulocytosis
- Leukocytosis
- Thrombocytopenia with an increased population of young platelets (due to increased destruction and turnover)
Clotting factors
- Normal prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time in up to 50% of patients (due to higher circulating levels of clotting factors such as factor Xa and thrombin)[3]
- Elevated fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products
- D-dimer more sensitive and specific for DIC.][4]
- Antithrombin levels have become a key test for diagnosing and monitoring therapy in DIC.
- Reduced Antithrombin levels.
References
- ↑ Venugopal A (September 2014). "Disseminated intravascular coagulation". Indian J Anaesth. 58 (5): 603–8. doi:10.4103/0019-5049.144666. PMC 4260307. PMID 25535423.
- ↑ Meriwether WD, Thompson JN (May 1971). "Laboratory diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) using simple laboratory tests". South. Med. J. 64 (5): 621–3. PMID 5573083.
- ↑ Favaloro EJ (June 2010). "Laboratory testing in disseminated intravascular coagulation". Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 36 (4): 458–67. doi:10.1055/s-0030-1254055. PMID 20614398.
- ↑ Levi M, Meijers JC (January 2011). "DIC: which laboratory tests are most useful". Blood Rev. 25 (1): 33–7. doi:10.1016/j.blre.2010.09.002. PMID 20950905.