Cervical cancer risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Monalisa Dmello, M.B,B.S., M.D. [2]

Overview

The most potent risk factor in the development of cervical cancer is Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Other risk factors include smoking, increased number of sexual partners, and young age at time of first sexual intercourse.

Risk Factor

Common risk factors associated with cervical cancer include:

• Infection with high risk HPV.
• Multiple sexual partners or a male partner with multiple previous or current sexual partners
• Young age at first intercourse
• Smoking
• High parity
• Immunosupression
• HLA subtypes
• Use of oral contraceptives
• In utero exposure of DES (diethylstilbestrol)
• Vaginal or vulvar cancer