Lung cancer classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kim-Son H. Nguyen M.D. Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] Rim Halaby, M.D. [3] Dildar Hussain, MBBS [4]
Overview
Primary lung cancers may be classified into small cell lung cancer (~15%) and non small cell lung cancer (~85%). Non small cell lung cancer are a heterogenous group of lung cancers that are often grouped together because they share similar clinical features (e.g. prognosis and management). The 2015 WHO histological classification of tumors of the lung categorized lung tumors into malignant epithelial tumors, benign epithelial tumors, lymphoproliferative tumors, miscellaneous tumors, and metastatic tumors.
Classification
Primary lung cancers may be classified into two main categories:[1]
- Small cell lung cancer (~15%)
- Non small cell lung cancer (~85%).
| Lung Cancer | |||||||||||||||
Small cell lung cancer (~15%) | |||||||||||||||
Non small cell lung cancer (~85%)
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WHO Histological Classification of Tumors of the Lung
The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies tumors of the lungs as follows:[1][2]
| WHO Classification of Lung Tumors | |
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| Histological type | Subtype |
| Epithelial tumors | |
| Adenocarcinoma |
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| Squamous cell carcinoma |
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| Neuroendocrine tumors | |
| Small cell carcinoma |
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| Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma |
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| Carcinoid tumors |
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| Preinvasive lesion |
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| Large cell carcinoma |
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| Adenosquamous carcinoma |
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| Sarcomatoid carcinomas |
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| Other and Unclassified carcinomas |
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| Salivary gland-type tumors |
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| Papillomas |
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| Adenomas |
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| Mesenchymal tumors | |
| Pulmonary hamartoma |
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| Chondroma |
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| PEComatous tumors |
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| Congenital peribronchial myofibroblastic tumor |
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| Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis |
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| Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor |
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| Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma |
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| Pleuropulmonary blastoma |
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| Synovial sarcoma |
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| Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma |
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| Pulmonary myxoid sarcoma with EWSR1–CREB1 translocation |
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| Myoepithelial tumors |
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| Lymphohistiocytic tumors | |
| Extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated Lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) |
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| Diffuse large cell lymphoma |
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| Lymphomatoid granulomatosis |
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| Intravascular large B cell lymphoma |
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| Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis |
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| Erdheim–Chester disease |
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| Tumors of ectopic origin | |
| Germ cell tumors |
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| Intrapulmonary thymoma |
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| Melanoma |
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| Meningioma, NOS |
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References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Travis, William (2004). Pathology and genetics of tumours of the lung, pleura, thymus, and heart. Lyon: IARC Press. ISBN 9283224183.
- ↑ "www.jto.org".