Tuberculous pericarditis natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Tuberculous pericarditis does not have the typical classic presentation of an acute pericarditis (sudden-onset chest pain and typical ECG changes). Instead, it most commonly presents with systemic signs and symptoms. If left untreated, tuberculous pericarditis can be complicated by constrictive pericarditis which can then ultimately lead to heart failure. Common complications of tuberculous pericarditis include acute pericarditis, constrictive pericarditis, cardiac tamponade, and heart failure.

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural History

• Tuberculous pericarditis does not have the typical classic presentation of an acute pericarditis (sudden-onset chest pain and typical ECG changes).
• Instead, it most commonly presents with systemic signs and symptoms:
  • Cough (94%)
  • Dyspnea (88%)
  • Chest pain (76%)
  • Fever (70%)
  • Night sweats (56%)
  • Orthopnea (53%)
  • Weight loss (48%)
• If left untreated, tuberculous pericarditis can be complicated by constrictive pericarditis which can then ultimately lead to heart failure.

Complications

• Common complications of tuberculous pericarditis include:
  • Acute pericarditis
  • Constrictive pericarditis
  • Cardiac tamponade
  • Heart failure

Prognosis

• Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [--]%.
• Depending on the extent of the [tumor/disease progression] at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as poor/good/excellent.
• The presence of [characteristic of disease] is associated with a particularly [good/poor] prognosis among patients with [disease/malignancy].
• [Subtype of disease/malignancy] is associated with the most favorable prognosis.
• The prognosis varies with the [characteristic] of tumor; [subtype of disease/malignancy] have the most favorable prognosis.