Polycythemia classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Debduti Mukhopadhyay, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
There is no established system for the classification of [disease name].
OR
[Disease name] may be classified according to [classification method] into [number] subtypes/groups: [group1], [group2], [group3], and [group4].
OR
[Disease name] may be classified into [large number > 6] subtypes based on [classification method 1], [classification method 2], and [classification method 3]. [Disease name] may be classified into several subtypes based on [classification method 1], [classification method 2], and [classification method 3].
OR
Based on the duration of symptoms, [disease name] may be classified as either acute or chronic.
OR
If the staging system involves specific and characteristic findings and features: According to the [staging system + reference], there are [number] stages of [malignancy name] based on the [finding1], [finding2], and [finding3]. Each stage is assigned a [letter/number1] and a [letter/number2] that designate the [feature1] and [feature2].
OR
The staging of [malignancy name] is based on the [staging system].
OR
There is no established system for the staging of [malignancy name].
Classification
Once the diagnosis of absolute erythrocytosis has been established, red cell mass (RCM > 125% of predicted), classification can be done accordingly :
- Primary erythrocytosis
- Polycythemia vera
- Secondary erythrocytosis
- Congenital:
- Erythropoietin receptor-mediated
- High oxygen affinity hemoglobin
- Bisphosphoglycerate mutase deficiency
- VHL (Von Hippel-Lindau) gene mutation (Chuvash erythrocytosis)
- PHD2 mutations
- HIF-2 alpha mutations
- Acquired:
- Hypoxia driven
- Central hypoxic process:
- Chronic Lung disease
- Right-to-left cardiopulmonary vascular shunts
- Carbon monoxide poisoning
- Smoker's erythrocytosis
- Hypoventilation syndromes including sleep apnea (high-altitude habitat)
- Local renal hypoxia:
- Renal Artery Stenosis
- End Stage Renal Disease
- Hydronephrosis
- Renal cysts (polycystic kidney disease)
- Postrenal transplant erythrocytosis
- Pathologic EPO production:
- Tumors
- Cerebellar hemangioblastoma
- Meningioma
- Parathyroid carcinoma/adenomas
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- Renal cell cancer
- Pheochromocytoma
- Uterine leiomyomas
- Exogenous EPO:
- Drug associated
- EPO administration
- Androgen administration
- Idiopathic erythrocytosis [1]