Hearing impairment risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Risk Factors

Hearing loss can occur in any age group. Any age people are susceptible for hearing impairment it depends on exposure to risk factors. Middle-aged adults can develop hearing loss due to genetic mutations, noise exposure, and ototoxic medications. Older adults also develop multifactorial age-related hearing deafness. Infections are the most common risk for hearing loss in young adults e-g labyrinthitis, meningitis, otitis media, otitis externa.

Risk Factors Associated with Hearing Loss

Adult	Children
Age Noise exposure Family history of hearing loss Exposure to ototoxic medications Smoking Diabetes	Perinatal infections (e.g., cytomegalovirus, rubella) Family history of childhood hearing loss Stay in the neonatal intensive care unit >5 d Craniofacial abnormalities, including ear anomalies Syndrome associated with hearing loss (e.g., Usher, Alport) Neurodegenerative disorder Meningitis Chemotherapy Head trauma