Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy overview
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Editors-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], Martin S. Maron, M.D., and Barry J. Maron, M.D.
Overview
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is a disease of the myocardium (the muscle of the heart) in which a portion of the myocardium is hypertrophied (thickened) without any alternate cause such as hypertension, amyloid or aortic stenosis.[1][2][3][4][5][6] Although HCM has gained notoriety as a leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes, [7] it should be noted that HCM is a cause of sudden cardiac death in any age group and may be associated with cardiac morbidity and disabling cardiac symptoms as well.
A non-obstructive variant of HCM is known as apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy [8], which is also known as nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and Japanese variant hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or the Yamaguchi variant (since the first cases described were all in individuals of Japanese descent).
References
- ↑ Richardson P, McKenna W, Bristow M, Maisch B, Mautner B, O'Connell J, Olsen E, Thiene G, Goodwin J, Gyarfas I, Martin I, Nordet P. Report of the 1995 World Health Organization/International Society and Federation of Cardiology Task Force on the Definition and Classification of cardiomyopathies. Circulation. 1996 Mar 1; 93(5):841–2. (Medline abstract; Full text)
- ↑ Maron B. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a systematic review. JAMA 2002. 287:1308–20
- ↑ Sherrid M, Chaudhry FA, Swistel DG. Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Echocardiography, pathophysiology, and the continuing evolution of surgery for obstruction. Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2003; 75:620–32
- ↑ Wigle D, Sasson Z, Henderson MA, Ruddy TD, Fulop J, Rakowski H, Williams WG. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The importance of the site and the extent of hypertrophy. A review. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases 1985; 28:1–83
- ↑ Wigle ED, Rakowski H, Kimball BP, Williams WG. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy — clinical spectrum and treatment. Circulation 1995; 92:1680–92
- ↑ Maron BJ, McKenna WJ, Danielson GK, Kappenberger LJ, Kuhn HJ, Seidman CE, Shah PM, Spencer WH III, Spirito P, Ten Cate FJ, Wigle ED. American College of Cardiology / European Society of Cardiology clinical expert consensus document on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003; 42:1687–713
- ↑ Maron BJ, Thompson PD, Puffer JC, McGrew CA, Strong WB, Douglas PS, Clark LT, Mitten MJ, Crawford MH, Atkins DL, Driscoll DJ, Epstein AE. Cardiovascular preparticipation screening of competitive athletes. A statement for health professionals from the Sudden Death Committee (clinical cardiology) and Congenital Cardiac Defects Committee (cardiovascular disease in the young), American Heart Association. Circulation. 1996 Aug 15; 94(4):850-6. (Medline abstract; Full text)
- ↑ Rivera-Diaz J, Moosvi AR. Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. South Med J. 1996 Jul; 89(7):711-3. (Medline abstract; Full text)