Venous thrombosis
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Thrombosis Microchapters |
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Site of Thrombosis |
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Differentiating Thrombosis from other Diseases |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Venous thrombosis On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Ujjwal Rastogi, MBBS [2]
Overview
Thrombus is term given to a blood clot that remains in the place where it formed. A venous thrombosis is a condition in which a thrombus(blood clot) forms within a vein. Superficial venous thrombosis as the name suggest is the formation of a thrombus in superficial veins. It can cause discomfort but generally do not cause serious consequences, unlike the deep venous thrombosis (DVTs) that form in the deep veins of the legs or in the pelvic veins.
Since the veins return blood to the heart, if a piece of a blood clot formed in a vein breaks off it can be transported to the right side of the heart, and from there into the lungs. A piece of thrombus that is transported in this way is an embolism: the process of forming a thrombus that becomes embolic is called a thromboembolism. An embolism that lodges in the lungs is a pulmonary embolism (PE). Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are manifestations of a single disease entity, namely, venous thromboembolism (VTE).
Systemic embolisms of venous origin can occur in patients with an atrial or ventricular septal defect, through which an embolus may pass into the arterial system. This is termed a paradoxical emboli.
A pulmonary embolus is a very serious condition that can be fatal if not recognized and treated promptly.
Risk factors
- Medical
- Familial
- Antithrombin III deficiency
- Protein C deficiency/Protein S deficiency
- APC resistance (Factor V Leiden)
- Dysfibrogenemia
- Hypoplasminogenemia
- Familial homocysteinemia
See also
- Arterial thrombosis
- venous thromboembolism
- Deep vein thrombosis
- Pulmonary embolism
- Portal vein thrombosis
- Plethysmography, a test to detect a venous thrombosis