Shigellosis epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Epidemiology and Demographics
Age
- Individuals of all age groups may be affected by shigellosis.
- Children between the age of 2 to 5 are most susceptible to acquire shigellosis (60% to 70% of all reported cases) and to death caused by shigellosis (60% to 65% of deaths).
- The majority of reported cases are associated with childcare/school settings or among families with small children.
Gender
- There is no gender predominance for shigellosis.
Race
- There is no racial predominance for shigellosis.
Developed Countries
- The total incidence of shigellosis in the developed countries is estimated to be approximately 1.5 million cases per year.
- Approximately 14,000 laboratory confirmed cases of shigellosis and an estimated 448,240 total cases occur in the United States each year.
- The majority of cases reported in USA are caused by Shigella sonnei (approximately 77%).
Developing Countries
- The incidence of shigellosis in the developing world is estimated to exceed 160 million cases per year, among which shigellosis is responsible for approximately 1.1 million deaths per year.
- In the developing world, the most common cause of shigellosis is S.flexneri (approximately 60%).
- Epidemics of S. dysenteriae type 1 have been reported in Africa and Central America with case fatality rates that range between 5 to 15%.