Leg ulcer

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	Leg ulcer;
	Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation: Gross view of thighs and legs at autopsy ecchymoses with central necrosis and ulceration looks like pyoderma gangrenosum. ; Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Vendhan Ramanujam M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Leg ulcers usually refer to ulcers of the lower leg. The most common cause of leg ulcers is venous insufficiency.

Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Allergic vasculitis, Anemia, Aneurysm, Angiosarcoma, Arterial dysplasia, Arterial insufficiency, Arterial thrombosis, Arterio-venous malformation, Arteriovenous fistulas, Arteriovenous malformation, Atheroma, Atherosclerosis, Cholesterol embolism, Chronic venous insufficiency, Churg-strauss syndrome, Congestive heart failure, Deep vein thrombosis , Dehydration, Diabetes mellitus, Embolism, Heart failure, Hypertension, Hypotension, Hypothermia, Kaposi's sarcoma, Leukocytoclastic vasculitis, Livedoid vasculopathy, Lymphangitis, Lymphatic obstruction, Lymphatic vessel dysplasia, Lymphedema, Peripheral artery disease, Polyarteritis nodosa, Polyarteritis, Postthrombotic syndrome, Raynaud's syndrome, Sepsis , Septic emboli, Thromboangiitis obliterans, Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, Varicose veins, Vasculitis, Venous dysplasia, Wegener's granulomatosis
Chemical/Poisoning	Arsenic, Erythema induratum of bazin
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	Actinic keratosis, Advanced age, Allergic vasculitis, Amoebiasis cutis, Contact dermatitis, Continuous trauma, Crohn's disease, Decubitus ulcer, Ecthyma, Erysipelas, Erythema induratum of bazin, Filariasis, Furuncle, Glanders, Herpes simplex, Incontinence, Keratoacanthoma, Lymphoma ulcers, Madura foot, Melanoma, Perforating dermatosis , Porphyria cutanea tarda, Prolonged Immobilization, Radiation dermatitis, Sporotrichosis, Squamous cell carcinoma , Ulcerative colitis, Xeroderma pigmentosum
Drug Side Effect	Coumarin, Ergotamine, Extravasated cytostatic agents, Fibrinolysis factors (t-PA, PAI, Plasmin), Halogens, Hydroxyurea, Leflunomide, Methotrexate, Penicillin
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Diabetes mellitus, Necrobiosis lipoidica
Environmental	Burns, Cold injury, Contact dermatitis, Heat, Ionizing radiation, Noxious chemicals, Radiation dermatitis
Gastroenterologic	Crohn's disease, Incontinence, Ulcerative colitis
Genetic	Arterial dysplasia, Factor V Leiden mutation, Gaucher's disease, Hereditary spherocytosis, Klinefelter syndrome, Leukocyte adhesion deficiency, Lymphatic vessel dysplasia, Prolidase deficiency, Thalassaemia, Venous dysplasia, Xeroderma pigmentosum
Hematologic	Anemia, antiphospholipid syndrome, antithrombin III deficiency, Blood clot, Coumarin, Cryoglobulinemia, Deep vein thrombosis , dysproteinaemia, Essential thrombocythemia, Factor V Leiden mutation, Factor XIII deficiency, Felty's syndrome, Fibrinolysis factors (t-PA, PAI, Plasmin), granulocytopenia, hereditary spherocytosis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Leukemia, Leukocyte adhesion deficiency, lupus anticoagulant, Macroglobulinemia, Myelodysplasia, Plasma coagulation inhibitors (antithrombinviii, apc resistance, protein c and s), polyclonal dysproteinaemia, polycythemia , Polycythemia vera, Primary polycythemia, primary thrombocythemia, Protein c deficiency, Protein s deficiency, purpura, Sickle cell anemia, Thalassemia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic
Iatrogenic	Calcinosis cutis, Extravasated cytostatic agents, Radiation dermatitis, Vaccinations
Infectious Disease	Actinomycosis, Amoebiasis cutis, Amoebiasis, Anthrax, Bacillary angiomatosis, Bacterial infection, Bacteroides, Blastomycosis, Borrelia vincenti, Cellulitis, Coccidiomycosis, Cold agglutinin disease, Diphtheria, Ecthyma gangrenosum , Ecthyma, Erysipelas, Fasciitis necroticans , Filariasis, Folliculitis, Franciscella tularensis, Furuncle, Gas gangrene , Glanders, Granuloma inguinale, hemophilus ducreyi, Herpes simplex, Histoplasmosis, Kala-azar, Leishmaniasis, Leprosy, Lues maligna, Lymphangitis, Madura foot, Mycobacterium ulcerans, Mycosis fungoides, Osteomyelitis, Papillomatosis cutis carcinoides, Poliomyelitis, Rodent ulcer, Sepsis , Septic emboli, Sporotrichosis, Syphilis, Tinea pedis, Tropical ulcer, Tuberculosis, Tularemia, Ulceration pyoderma , Variola virus, Vasculitis, Yaws
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	Badly united fracture, Lower limb fractures
Neurologic	Alcoholic neuropathy, Autonomic dysfunction, Dementia, Diabetic neuropathy, Hemiplegia, Infantile palsy, Multiple sclerosis, Neuropathy, Spina bifida, Spinal cord injury, Spinal cord lesions, Syringomyelia
Nutritional/Metabolic	Calcinosis cutis, Calciphylaxis, Gout, Hyperhomocysteinemia, Malnutrition, Necrobiosis lipoidica, Porphyria cutanea tarda, Starvation
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	Angiosarcoma, Basal cell carcinoma, Cold agglutinin disease, Cutaneous lymphoma, Leukemia, Lymphoma ulcers, Macroglobulinemia, Marjolin's ulcer, Melanoma, Metastatic tumours, Sarcoma, Squamous cell carcinoma
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	Delirium
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte	Calciphylaxis, Incontinence
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	No underlying causes
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	Continuous trauma, Lower limb fractures, Lower limb nerve injury, Marjolin's ulcer, Shearing forces, Spinal cord injury
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Amyloidosis, Artefacts, Decubitus ulcer, Factitious ulceration, Friction, Low weight, Marjolin's ulcer, Moisture in the form of perspiration, feces, or urine, Papulosis maligna atrophicans, Prolonged Immobilization, Sarcoidosis, Spider bites

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Differential diagnosis of leg ulcer^[1]^[2]

References

↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016
↑ Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X

Acknowledgements

The content on this page was first contributed by

List of contributors:

For Patients

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[1] Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016

[2] Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X

[1]

[2]

Leg ulcer

Overview

Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Differential diagnosis of leg ulcer^[1]^[2]

References

Acknowledgements

Suggested Reading and Key General References

Suggested Links and Web Resources

For Patients

Navigation menu


Leg ulcer
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation: Gross view of thighs and legs at autopsy ecchymoses with central necrosis and ulceration looks like pyoderma gangrenosum. Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology

Leg ulcer

Overview

Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Differential diagnosis of leg ulcer[1][2]

References

Acknowledgements

Suggested Reading and Key General References

Suggested Links and Web Resources

For Patients

Navigation menu

Differential diagnosis of leg ulcer^[1]^[2]