Silicosis classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Classification
Classification of silicosis is made according to the disease's severity, onset, and rapidity of progression. These include:
- Simple chronic
- Occurs after 10 years of exposure to moderate to low levels of silica dust. This is the most common type of silicosis. Patients with this type of silicosis may not have obvious symptoms, Nodules less than 10 mm are seen on chest X-ray and pulmonary function is usually normal
- Complicated chronic
- Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis
- Occurs after 10 years of exposure to silica dust. On chest -Xray diffuse reticulonodular pattern almost similar to idopathic pulmonary fibrosis is seen. The main symptom is dyspnea.[1]
- Accelerated silicosis
- Silicosis that develops 5-10 years after high exposure to silica dust. Symptoms include severe shortness of breath, weakness, and weight loss. Rapidly progressing nodules and masses
are seen on chest X-ray. Rapidly deteriorating lung function (FVC and FEV1) and progresses more often and more rapidly to complicated forms.[2], [3]
- Acute silicosis
- Acute silicosis also known as silico proteinosis is the type of silicosis that develops within 5years of exposure to extremely high levels of silica dust. Symptoms of acute silicosis include severe disabling shortness of breath, weakness, and weight loss and progressive respiratory failure often leading to death. Bilateral perihilar acinar pattern consolidations similar to alveolar proteinosis seen on chest X-ray. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) reveals ground glass opacities and lung function tests generally show restrictive changes with reduced diffusion capacity.
References
- ↑ Arakawa H, Johkoh T, Honma K, Saito Y, Fukushima Y, Shida H; et al. (2007). "Chronic interstitial pneumonia in silicosis and mix-dust pneumoconiosis: its prevalence and comparison of CT findings with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis". Chest. 131 (6): 1870–6. doi:10.1378/chest.06-2553. PMID 17400659.
- ↑ Park R, Rice F, Stayner L, Smith R, Gilbert S, Checkoway H (2002). "Exposure to crystalline silica, silicosis, and lung disease other than cancer in diatomaceous earth industry workers: a quantitative risk assessment". Occup Environ Med. 59 (1): 36–43. PMC 1740205. PMID 11836467.
- ↑ Greenberg MI, Waksman J, Curtis J (2007). "Silicosis: a review". Dis Mon. 53 (8): 394–416. doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2007.09.020. PMID 17976433.