Hepatoblastoma natural history
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Hepatoblastoma Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Hepatoblastoma natural history On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hepatoblastoma natural history |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hepatoblastoma natural history |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Faizan Sheraz, M.D. [2] Nawal Muazam M.D.[3]
Overview
If left untreated, patients with hepatoblastoma may progress to develop failure to thrive, weight loss, rapidly enlarging abdominal mass, spontaneous rupture, hemorrhage.[1] Common complications of hepatoblastoma include paraneoplastic features, erythrocytosis, thrombocytosis, hypocalcemia, isosexual precocious puberty, and hypoglycemia.[1] The 5-year survival rate of children with hepatoblastoma is approximately 70%.[2]
Natural History
Hepatoblastoma tends to grow rapidly. If left untreated, patients with hepatoblastoma may progress to develop failure to thrive, weight loss, rapidly enlarging abdominal mass, spontaneous rupture, hemorrhage.[1]
Complications
Paraneoplastic features of hepatoblastoma are not uncommon at presentation and include:[1]
Prognosis
- The 5-year survival rate of children with hepatoblastoma is approximately 70%.[2]
- The table below lists prognosis of hepatoblastma based on staging:[3]
| Subtype | Description |
|---|---|
| Stage I |
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| Stage II |
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| Stage III |
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| Stage IV |
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Poor Prognostic Factors
Poor prognostic factors include:
- Advanced stage
- Subtype of hepatoblastoma
- Normal AFP concentration at diagnosis (elevated AFP is better)[4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Madabhavi, Irappa; Patel, Apurva; Choudhary, Mukesh; Aagre, Suhas; Revannasiddaiah, Swaroop; Modi, Gaurang; Anand, Asha; Panchal, Harsha; Parikh, Sonia; Raut, Shreeniwas (2014). "Paraneoplastic Recurrent Hypoglycaemic Seizures: An Initial Presentation of Hepatoblastoma in an Adolescent Male—A Rare Entity". Case Reports in Pediatrics. 2014: 1–5. doi:10.1155/2014/104543. ISSN 2090-6803.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Prognosis and Prognostic Factors. National Cancer Institute 2015. http://www.cancer.gov/types/liver/hp/child-liver-treatment-pdq#link/_570_toc. Accessed on October 28, 2015
- ↑ Treatment and prognosis of hepatoblastoma. Dr Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/hepatoblastoma. Accessed on November 3, 2015
- ↑ De Ioris M, Brugieres L, Zimmermann A, Keeling J, Brock P, Maibach R, Pritchard J, Shafford L, Zsiros J, Czaudzerna P, Perilongo G (2007). "Hepatoblastoma with a low serum alpha-fetoprotein level at diagnosis: The SIOPEL group experience". Eur J Cancer. 44: 545. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2007.11.022. PMID 18166449.