Umbilical hernia physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Physical Examination
Appearance of the Patient
A hernia is present at the site of the umbilicus (commonly called a navel, or belly button) in the newborn; although sometimes quite large, these hernias tend to resolve without any treatment by around the age of 5 years. Obstruction and strangulation of the hernia is rare because the underlying defect in the abdominal wall is larger than in an inguinal hernia of the newborn.
Babies are prone to this malformation because of the process during fetal development by which the abdominal organs form outside the abdominal cavity, later returning into it through an opening which will become the umbilicus.
(Images courtesy of Charlie Goldberg, M.D., UCSD School of Medicine and VA Medical Center, San Diego, California)
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Umbilical Hernia: Protrusion of intra-abdominal contents through defect in posterior fascia. -
Umbilical Hernia: In this case the increase in size seen in the picture on the right is caused by asking the patient to perform the valsalva maneuver. -
Huge Umbilical Hernia: Umbilical hernia exacerbated by refractory ascites. Advanced liver disease precluded operative repair in this case. -
Incarcerated Umbilical Hernia: Note reddened umbilical area resulting from entrapment of intra-abdominal contents in hernia. When this occurred, the patient developed acute pain in this region.
