Necrotizing fasciitis
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Necrotizing fasciitis Microchapters |
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Necrotizing fasciitis On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Necrotizing fasciitis |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yamuna Kondapally, M.B.B.S[2] Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]
Synonyms and keywords:Phagadena; Phagadena gangrenosum; Meleney’s gangrene; Hemolytic streptococcal gangrene; Flesh eating bacteria; Hospital gangrene; Acute dermal gangrene; Suppurative fasciitis; Synergistic necrotizing cellulitis; Gangrenous ulcer; Malignant ulcer; Putrid ulcer
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
- Necrotizing fasciitis may be classified according to international classification of diseases-10 (ICD-10) into:[1]
- M72.6 Necrotizing fasciitis
- Based on microbiological findings, necrotizing fasciitis may be classified into four types
| Type | Organism |
|---|---|
| Type 1 or Polymicrobial | ● Non-Group A streptococci ● Anaerobes including clostridia ● Facultative anaerobes ● Enterobacteria |
| Type 2 or Monomicrobial | ● Beta-Hemolytic Streptococci group A (Streptococcus pyogenes) |
| Type 3 or Gas gangrene or Clostridial myonecrosis |
● Marine vibrio vulnificus |
| Type 4 | ● MRSA |
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Necrotizing fasciitis from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
Incidence
- The incidence of necrotizing fasciitis in adults is 0.40 cases per 100,000 people/year and the incidence in children is higher at 0.08 cases per 100,000 people/year.[2][3]
Case Fatality Rate
Age
Gender
Race
Developed countries
Developing countries
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | X Ray | CT | MRI | Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
See also
- Mucormycosis, a rare fungal infection which can present like necrotizing fasciitis
- Toxic shock syndrome
Template:Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue
- ↑ ICD-10 version:2016. http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2016/en#/M72.6 2016 Accessed on August 25,2016
- ↑ File TM, Tan JS, DiPersio JR (1998). "Group A streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis. Diagnosing and treating the "flesh-eating bacteria syndrome"". Cleve Clin J Med. 65 (5): 241–9. PMID 9599907.
- ↑ Chaouat Y, Chaouat D (1988). "[Primary hyperparathyroidism. History]". Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic. 55 (7): 475–8. PMID 3051309.