Microsporidiosis risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [2];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [3]
Overview
Poor sanitary conditions, poor/unsafe water supply, immunocompromised states from HIV infection and exposure to animals have been implicated in the transmission of microsporidia infection.[1][2]
Risk Factors
Risk factors
Immunodeficiency is the most important risk factor for developing microsporidiosis. Microsporidiosis is almost always reported in immunodeficient patients.
- People with an immune deficiency (e.g. as a result of AIDS/HIV)
- Organ transplantation patients
- Patients undergoing chemotherapy
- Patients undergoing radiotherapy
- Hematologic malagninacies
Risk factors among HIV patients
Intestinal microsporidiosis in persons with HIV infection have been linked with:[3]
- Severe immunodeficiency with CD4 count < 100.
- male homosexuality
- swimming in pools
- Poor sanitation
- Contact with poultry droppings
References
- ↑ Didier ES, Weiss LM (2006). "Microsporidiosis: current status". Curr Opin Infect Dis. 19 (5): 485–92. doi:10.1097/01.qco.0000244055.46382.23. PMC 3109650. PMID 16940873.
- ↑ Anuar TS, Bakar NH, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Moktar N, Osman E (2016). "PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR ASYMPTOMATIC INTESTINAL MICROSPORIDIOSIS AMONG ABORIGINAL SCHOOL CHILDREN IN PAHANG, MALAYSIA". Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 47 (3): 441–9. PMID 27405127.
- ↑ Hutin YJ, Sombardier MN, Liguory O, Sarfati C, Derouin F, Modaï J; et al. (1998). "Risk factors for intestinal microsporidiosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a case-control study". J Infect Dis. 178 (3): 904–7. PMID 9728570.