Graft-versus-host disease epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Shyam Patel [2]
Overview
- The incidence of GvHD is estimated to be 9.5x10-7 per 100,000 cases. There are approximately 5500 total cases annually.[1]
- Patients of all age groups may develop GvHD, but it occurs more commonly in older persons who receive stem cells from female donors.
- GvHD affects men more commonly than women.
- There is no racial predilection to GvHD.
- The incidence of GvHD is not directly correlated with age, as the disease is an iatrogenic condition that occurs after a transplant, rather than a natural disease.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
- In developing countries, the prevalence of GvHD has not been studied, as bone marrow transplants are only performed in highly specialized centers.
Incidence
- Worldwide, the incidence of GvHD ranges from a low of 8x10^-7 per 100,000 persons to a high of 1.14x10-6 per 100,000 persons with an average incidence of 9.5x10-7 per 100,000 persons.[1] The reason for the low incidence worldwide is that the disease can only occur after a bone marrow transplantation, and bone marrow transplantations occur only in highly specialized centers.
- In developing countries, the incidence of GvHD has not been studied, as bone marrow transplants are only performed in highly specialized centers.
- In 2003, the incidence of GvHD was estimated to range from 4795 to 6850 total cases worldwide.[1]
Case Fatality Rate
- The case fatality rate is defined the number of deaths (fatality) among patients with the disease (case). Case fatality rate should be distinguished from "Mortality Rate" (defined as the number of deaths among the at-risk population).
- The case fatality rate is usually described as a function of time (e.g. In 2015 / annually etc...).
- When using numbers with decimal points, avoid reporting more than 1 number after the decimal point. For example, report the case fatality rate as 10.1% instead of 10.09322%. Many numbers after the decimal point may suggest a false sense of accuracy.
- You can pick the template sentence below for this section:
- In ____ (year), the case fatality rate of ____ (disease name) is ____ (case fatality rate in %).
- The annual case fatality rate of ____ (disease name) is approximately ____ (case fatality rate in %).
Age
- This section can describe the impact of the disease depending on the persons age, and the age-specific prevalence and incidence.
- The prevalence of ____ (insert disease state here) increases/decreases with age.
- _____ (insert acute disease) commonly affects _____ (insert age group).
- _____ (insert chronic disease) is usually first diagnosed among _____ (insert age group).
Gender
- Males are more commonly affected with GvHD than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 1.4:1.[2]
Race
- The prevalence of GvHD does not vary by race.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Jacobsohn DA, Vogelsang GB (2007). "Acute graft versus host disease". Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2: 35. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-2-35. PMC 2018687. PMID 17784964.
- ↑ Kim HT, Zhang MJ, Woolfrey AE, St Martin A, Chen J, Saber W; et al. (2016). "Donor and recipient sex in allogeneic stem cell transplantation: what really matters". Haematologica. 101 (10): 1260–1266. doi:10.3324/haematol.2016.147645. PMC 5046656. PMID 27354023.