Prolactinoma epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: , Anmol Pitliya, M.B.B.S. M.D.[2], Faizan Sheraz, M.D. [3]

Overview

45% of pituitary adenoma are prolactinoma, making it the most common of all pituitary adenoma. The prevalence of prolactinoma in age group <20 years is 10 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. Prolactinoma most commomly affects age group 20 to 50 years. Prolactinoma is more common in females than males in age group 20 to 50 years. Frequency becomes similar after age 50 years.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Prevalence

• Worldwide, the prevalence of sporadic prolactinoma is 6 to 10 per 100,000 persons.
• The prevalence of prolactinoma in age group <20 years is 10 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
• Clinically significant pituitary tumors affect the health of approximately 14 out of 100,000 people in United States.
• Some growth hormone producing tumors also co-secrete prolactin.
• Microprolactinoma are much more common than macroprolactinoma.

Incidence

• Worldwide, the incidence of sporadic prolactinoma is 0.6 to 1.0 per 100,000 persons per year.

Age

Age specific distribution of prolactinoma is as follows:

• Prolactinoma commonly affects individuals of age 20 to 50 years.
• Prolactinoma occur less commonly in age <20 years with a prevalence of 10 per, 100,000 individuals. These tumors accounts for <2% of intracranial tumors among this age group.

Gender

• women usually have microprolactinoma whereas men usually have macroadenoma.
• Gender wise frequency of prolactinoma depends on age of individual:
  • Age group - 20 to 50 years
    • Women are more commonly affected by prolactinoma than men. The women to men ratio is approximately 10:1.
    • The highest prevalance of prolactinoma in women is in age group 20 to 30 years with a women to men ratio of approximately 14:1.
  • Age group >50 years
    • Men and women are affected equally after age 50 years.
    • Prevalance of prolactinoma increases with age in men after age 50 years which peaks during age group 60 to 70 years. At this time women to men ratio is 1:3.