Endometriosis history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Kuchkuntla, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Endometriosis is a condition affecting women in the reproductive age group. The presenting features include cyclical abdominal pain, dysmenorrhea, pain with passing stools and pain with intercourse.
History and Symptoms
The most common symptom of endometriosis is cyclical severe lower abdominal pain with menorrhagia. The following is a list of common presenting symptoms in a patient with endometriosis:[1][2][3]
- Premenstrual or intermenstrual spotting (bleeding between periods): It is also called as secondary dysmenorrhea or as triple dysmenorrhea, because the the onset of pain is prior to the first day of menstrual cycle and the pain continues for 2 to 3 days after the last day of the the cycle.[4]
- Prolonged menstrual bleeding and increased amount of bleeding (menorrhagia)
- Painful sex (dyspareunia)
- Cyclical rectal bleeding
- Painful bowel movements (dyschezia)
- Painful urination (dysuria) and hematuria
- Nausea and vomiting
- Infertility
- Patients with endometriotic cyst of the ovary may present with an acute abdomen
- Endometriotic cysts in the thoracic cavity may cause thoracic endometriosis syndrome and present as catamenial pneumothorax with features of chest pain and breathlessness.[5]
References
- ↑ Murphy AA (2002). "Clinical aspects of endometriosis". Ann N Y Acad Sci. 955: 1–10, discussion 34-6, 396–406. PMID 11949938.
- ↑ McDonald JS (2001). "Diagnosis and treatment issues of chronic pelvic pain". World J Urol. 19 (3): 200–7. PMID 11469608.
- ↑ Cranney R, Condous G, Reid S (2017). "An update on the diagnosis, surgical management, and fertility outcomes for women with endometrioma". Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 96 (6): 633–643. doi:10.1111/aogs.13114. PMID 28186620.
- ↑ Morotti M, Vincent K, Becker CM (2017). "Mechanisms of pain in endometriosis". Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 209: 8–13. doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.07.497. PMID 27522645.
- ↑ Marjański T, Sowa K, Czapla A, Rzyman W (2016). "Catamenial pneumothorax - a review of the literature". Kardiochir Torakochirurgia Pol. 13 (2): 117–21. doi:10.5114/kitp.2016.61044. PMC 4971265. PMID 27516783.