Incidentaloma epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[2]
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence and Prevalence
- The incidence and prevalence of adrenal incidentalomas can only be extrapolated from imaging or autopsy studies.
- Autopsy studies suggest a prevalence of clinically unapparent adrenal masses of around 2% (range 1.0–8.7%)
- Radiological studies report a frequency of around 3% in the age of 50years, which increases up to 10% in the elderly.[1][2]
- The Incidence of primary adrenal carcinoma in patients with adrenal incidentaloma is approximately 2-5%. Another 0.7 to 2.5 percent have nonadrenal metastases to the adrenal gland.[3]
Age
- The prevalence of adrenal incidentaloma is higher in older patients 10%.[1]
- In childhood, adrenal incidentalomas are extremely rare.
- The prevalence of adrenal incidentalomas increases with age
- it is less than 1% in patients younger than 30 yr of age and up to 7% in patients over age 70.[2]
- The prevalence is higher in obese, diabetic, and hypertensive patients.[1]
Race
- There is no racial predilection to incidentaloma.
Gender
- Incidentaloma affects men and women equally.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Grumbach MM, Biller BM, Braunstein GD, Campbell KK, Carney JA, Godley PA; et al. (2003). "Management of the clinically inapparent adrenal mass ("incidentaloma")". Ann Intern Med. 138 (5): 424–9. PMID 12614096.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Mansmann G, Lau J, Balk E, Rothberg M, Miyachi Y, Bornstein SR (2004). "The clinically inapparent adrenal mass: update in diagnosis and management". Endocr Rev. 25 (2): 309–40. doi:10.1210/er.2002-0031. PMID 15082524.
- ↑ Young WF (2000). "Management approaches to adrenal incidentalomas. A view from Rochester, Minnesota". Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 29 (1): 159–85, x. PMID 10732270.