Cretinism historical perspective
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Historical Perspective
Discovery
- In 1848, the first study of goiter and cretinism was held in Italy to detect the goiter cases in the population back then.
- Cretinism was described by ancient Roman writers and it is endemic in Southern Europe around the Alps.
- In the 19th century, cretinism was described by physicians and travelers. They did not know the cause of cretinism but they linked between the polluted air and water in the Alps mountains.
- In the 19th century, some areas in Europe and North America were named as "goiter belts".
- In the 20th century, the relationships of sporadic cretinism with congenital hypothyroidism and of endemic cretinism with hypothyroidism due to iodine deficiency were discovered.