Liver mass causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nawal Muazam M.D.[2]; Suveenkrishna Pothuru, M.B,B.S. [3]; Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [4]

Overview

The most common cause of a liver mass is hepatocellular carcinoma. Common causes of benign liver mass, include: hepatic hemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia, hepatic adenoma, idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension (including nodular regenerative hyperplasia, regenerative nodules. Common causes malignant liver masses, include: hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, metastatic disease.

Causes

Disease	Solid	Cystic	Liver disease	Malignant
Hepatic cellular carcinoma	+	-	+	+
Cholangiocarcinoma	+	-	+	+
Hepatic Adenoma	+	-	-	+
Focal nodular hyperplasia	+	-	-	-
Liver hemangioma	+	-	-	-
Angiomyolipoma	+	-	-	-
Macroregenerative/dysplastic nodule	+	-	+	+
Fibrolemellar hepatocellular carcinoma	+	-	-	+
Metastatic cancer	+	-	-	+
Focal fatty infiltration and focal fat sparing	+	-	-	-
Inflammatory pseudotumor	+	-	-	-
Mesenchymal hamartoma	+	-	-	-
Hepatic abscess	+	+	-	-
Echinococcal cystic disease	-	+	-	-
Simple cyst	-	+	-	-
Polycystic liver disease	-	+	-	-
Cyst adenoma	-	+	-	+
Cyst adenocarcinoma	-	+	-	+
Choledochal cysts (type IV and V)	-	+	-	+

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Hepatic artery aneurysm
Chemical / poisoning	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	Choledochal cyst
Genetic	Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome, Von Hippel-Lindau disease, Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome, Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, Caroli disease, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Familial adenomatous polyposis
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	Amoebic liver abscess, Pyogenic liver abscess, Hydatid cyst, Alveolar hydatid disease, Pericholecystic abscess, Empyema gallbladder, Subhepatic abscess, Subphrenic abscess, Tuberculosis
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	Sarcoidosis
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	Benign: Cystadenoma, Hepatocellular adenoma, Hepatic hemangioma, Hepatic angiomyolipoma, Hepatoblastoma, Primary hepatic lymphoma, Focal nodular hyperplasia, Nodular regenerative hyperplasia, Teratoma, Autoinfarction hepatocellular adenoma, Hemangioendothelioma, Hepatic hamartoma, Mesenchymal hamartoma of infancy, Cholangioadenoma, Adenolipoma, Angiomyolipoma, Myelolipoma, Fibroma, Malignant: Cystadenocarcinoma, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Fibrolamellar carcinoma, Cholangiocarcinoma, Primary squamous cell carcinoma, Hepatic angiosarcoma, Carcinoid tumor, Neuroblastoma, Gallbladder cancer, Wilms tumor, Leiomyosarcoma, Fibrosarcoma Metastatic: Colorectal carcinoma, Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, Oesophageal cancer, gastric carcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, Carcinoid tumor, Lung cancer, Breast adenocarcinoma, Ovarian cancer, Endometrial cancer, Renal cell carcinoma, Prostate cancer, Non-Hodgkins lymphoma, Hodgkins lymphoma
Opthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	No underlying causes
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	Intrahepatic hematoma, Biliary hematoma, Hepatic subcapsular hematoma
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes