Sarcoidosis epidemiology and demographics
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Overview
Epidemiology
Sarcoidosis most commonly affects young adults of both sexes, with a slight preponderance for women having been reported by most studies. Incidence is highest for individuals younger than 40 and peaks in the age-group from 20 to 29 years.[1]
Sarcoidosis occurs throughout the world in all races with a prevalence ranging from 1 to 40 per 100,000. The disease is most prevalent in Northern European countries, and the highest annual incidence of 60 per 100,000 is found in Sweden and Iceland. In the United States, sarcoidosis is more common in people of African descent than Caucasians, with annual incidence reported as 35.5 and 10.9 per 100,000, respectively.[2] Sarcoidosis is less commonly reported in South America, Spain and India.
The differing incidence across the world may be at least partially attributable to the lack of screening programs in certain regions of the world and the overshadowing presence of other granulolomatous diseases such as tuberculosis, that may interfere with the diagnosis of sarcoidosis where they are prevalent.[1]
There may also be racial differences in the severity of the disease. Several studies suggest that the presentation in people of African origin may be more severe than for Caucasians, who are more likely to suffer from asymptomatic disease.[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Baughman RP, Lower EE, du Bois RM. Sarcoidosis. The Lancet 2003/3/29;361(9363):1111-8.
- ↑ Henke, C. E., G. Henke, L. R. Elveback, C. M. Beard, D. J. Ballard and L. T. Kurland. 1986. The epidemiology of sarcoidosis in Rochester, Minnesota: a population-based study of incidence and survival. Am. J. Epidemiol. 123:840–845.
- ↑ "American Thoracic Society: Statement on sarcoidosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;160:736-755.