Pulmonary edema physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farnaz Khalighinejad, MD [2]
Overview
Physical Examination
Physical examination of patients with pulmonary edema is usually remarkable for:[1]
| Clinical examination | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiogenic pulmonary edema | Low flow state=cool periphery | S3 gallop/cardiomegaly | Jugular venous distention | Crackles(wet) | |
| Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema | High flow state=warm periphery | No gallop | No jugular venous distention | Crackles(dry) |
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with pulmonary edema usually appear :
- Anxious
- Decrease in level of alertness (consciousness)
- Inability to speak in full sentences
Vital Signs
- Hyperthermia may be present
- Tachycardia with regular pulse
- Tachypnea
- High blood pressure may be present
Skin
HEENT
- Nasal flaring
Neck
Lungs
- End-inspiratory crackles (sounds heard at the end of a deep breath)
Heart
- A third heart sound (S3) may be present
Abdomen
Back
Genitourinary
Neuromuscular
Extremities
References
- ↑ Ware LB, Matthay MA (December 2005). "Clinical practice. Acute pulmonary edema". N. Engl. J. Med. 353 (26): 2788–96. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp052699. PMID 16382065.