Pulmonary edema laboratory tests

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farnaz Khalighinejad, MD [2]

Laboratory Findings

Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of pulmonary edema include

Differentiation of cardiogenic pulmonary edema and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema

Laboratory findings	ECG	CXR	Cardiac enzymes	PCWP	QS/QT	Edema fluid/serum protein
Cardiogenic pulmonary edema	Ischemia/Infarct	Peri-hilar distribution	May be elevated	>18 mmHg	Small elevated	<.5
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema	Usually normal	Peripheral distributions	Usually normal	<18 mmHg	Large elevated	<.7

Brain Natriuretic Peptide

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is elevated in the patient with cardiogenic pulmonary edema. A low BNP (<100 pg/ml) makes a cardiac cause very unlikely and is associated with non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema.

Oxygen Saturation

Low oxygen saturation or hypoxia may be present on arterial blood gas readings.