Cryoglobulinemia physical examination

	Cryoglobulinemia Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Cryoglobulinemia from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
X Ray
CT
MRI
Ultrasound
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Cryoglobulinemia physical examination On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Cryoglobulinemia physical examination All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Cryoglobulinemia physical examination
CDC on Cryoglobulinemia physical examination
Cryoglobulinemia physical examination in the news
Blogs on Cryoglobulinemia physical examination
Directions to Hospitals Treating Cryoglobulinemia
Risk calculators and risk factors for Cryoglobulinemia physical examination

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Feham Tariq, MD [2]

Overview

Physical Examination

Physical examination of patients with cryoglobulinemia is usually remarkable for: purpura, arthralgia, and acrocyanosis.

Appearance of the Patient

Patients with cryoglobulinemia usually appear normal. Clinical manifestations that appear vary according to the type of cryoglobulinemia. The various signs that appear are most commonly due to underlying hyperviscosity and thrombosis.

Vital Signs

Vital signs in patients with cryoglobulinemia are normal.

Skin

The cutaneous manifestations associated with cryoglobulinemia are as follows:^[1] ^[2]^[3]

Raynauds phenomenon
Livedo reticularis
Palpable purpura
Digital ischemia
Acrocyanosis

Description (Adapted from Dermatology Atlas)

Description (Adapted from Dermatology Atlas)
Description (Adapted from Dermatology Atlas)

HEENT

Nystagmus
Retinal hemorrhage

Neck

Lymphadenopathy

Lungs

Pulmonary examination of patients with cryopglobulinemia is usually normal.

Heart

Cardiovascular examination of patients with cryoglobulinemia is usually normal.

Abdomen

Back

Back examination of patients with cryoglobulinemia is usually normal.

Genitourinary

Hematuria

Neuromuscular

Extremities

Extremities examination of patients with cryoglobulinemia usually have the following findings:

Digital ischemia/gangrene
Fasciculations in the upper/lower extremity
Joint involvement most commonly in knees, ankles, proximal interphalangeal joints.
Peripheral neuropathy

Physical examination findings according to the type of cryoglobulinemia
Type 1	Type 2	Type 3	Type 4
Gangrene
Acrocyanosis

References

↑ Monti G, Galli M, Invernizzi F, Pioltelli P, Saccardo F, Monteverde A; et al. (1995). "Cryoglobulinaemias: a multi-centre study of the early clinical and laboratory manifestations of primary and secondary disease. GISC. Italian Group for the Study of Cryoglobulinaemias". QJM. 88 (2): 115–26. PMID 7704562.
↑ Gorevic PD, Kassab HJ, Levo Y, Kohn R, Meltzer M, Prose P; et al. (1980). "Mixed cryoglobulinemia: clinical aspects and long-term follow-up of 40 patients". Am J Med. 69 (2): 287–308. PMID 6996482.
↑ Cohen SJ, Pittelkow MR, Su WP (1991). "Cutaneous manifestations of cryoglobulinemia: clinical and histopathologic study of seventy-two patients". J Am Acad Dermatol. 25 (1 Pt 1): 21–7. PMID 1880249.

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[pmid7704562-1] Monti G, Galli M, Invernizzi F, Pioltelli P, Saccardo F, Monteverde A; et al. (1995). "Cryoglobulinaemias: a multi-centre study of the early clinical and laboratory manifestations of primary and secondary disease. GISC. Italian Group for the Study of Cryoglobulinaemias". QJM. 88 (2): 115–26. PMID 7704562.

[pmid6996482-2] Gorevic PD, Kassab HJ, Levo Y, Kohn R, Meltzer M, Prose P; et al. (1980). "Mixed cryoglobulinemia: clinical aspects and long-term follow-up of 40 patients". Am J Med. 69 (2): 287–308. PMID 6996482.

[pmid1880249-3] Cohen SJ, Pittelkow MR, Su WP (1991). "Cutaneous manifestations of cryoglobulinemia: clinical and histopathologic study of seventy-two patients". J Am Acad Dermatol. 25 (1 Pt 1): 21–7. PMID 1880249.

[1]

[2]

[3]