Methemoglobinemia causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Template:Aksiniya K. Stevasarova, M.D.
Overview
Methemoglobinemia may be caused by either congenital or acquired conditions.
Congenital (Hereditary) Methemoglobinemia
- There are three main congenital conditions that lead to methemoglobinemia:
1. Cytochrome b5 reductase deficiency and pyruvate kinase deficiency
3. Presence of abnormal hemoglobin (Hb M)
Acquired or Acute Methemoglobinemia
- Some of the most common causes leading to methemoglobinemia include different oxidant drugs, toxins and chemicals.[1] [2]
Causes
1. Drug Induced
• *Anesthetics like *benzocaine, *lidocaine, *prilocaine
• *Nitric oxide
• *Amyl Nitrate
• Antimalarial drugs like *Primaquine phosphate (in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) methemoglobin reductase deficient individuals)
• *Rasburicase [3]
• *Dapsone
• *Trimethoprim
• *Sulfonamides
• *Aniline dyes
2. Contaminated well water (in premature infants and infants younger than 4 months) [4]
3. Solid foods (not well cooked vegetables high in nitrates in premature infants and infants younger than 4 months)
References
- ↑ Template:Med Toxicol. 1986 Jul-Aug;1(4):253-60. Drug- and chemical-induced methaemoglobinaemia. Clinical features and management. Hall AH, Kulig KW, Rumack BH.pmid=PMID: 3537620
- ↑ {{Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2008 Nov-Dec;58(6):651-64. Methemoglobinemia: from diagnosis to treatment. [Article in English, Portuguese] do Nascimento TS1, Pereira RO, de Mello HL, Costa J. pmid=19082413}}
- ↑ {{Curr Drug Saf. 2017;12(1):13-18. doi: 10.2174/1574886312666170111151246. Rasburicase-Induced Methemoglobinemia in a Patient with Glucose-6- Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency. Khan M, Paul S, Farooq S, Oo TH, Ramshesh P, Jain N1. pmid=28078984}}
- ↑ {{Eur J Emerg Med. 2003 Dec;10(4):326-30. A severe methaemoglobinemia induced by nitrates: a case report. Brunato F1, Garziera MG, Briguglio E. pmid=14676514 }}